1302例阿尔茨海默病患者膳食营养现状及干预策略  

Dietary nutrition status and nutritional intervention strategy of 1302 patients with Alzheimer′s disease

作　　者：王玉芳 赵远方 郝晓梅 梁艺宁 WANG Yufang;ZHAO Yuanfang;HAO Xiaomei;LIANG Yining(Department of Neurology,Xijing Hospital,The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学第一附属医院西京医院神经内科,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2025年第2期47-51,共5页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探究阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer′s disease,AD)患者膳食营养现状及营养干预策略。方法纳入2021年1月至2023年12月在该院确诊的1332例AD患者为研究对象,通过问卷调查和膳食回顾法收集患者膳食摄入数据并进行分析。研究期间,30例患者因中途退出或失访未完成干预。根据实际完成干预的人数,将AD患者随机分为干预组(n=651,接受个性化的营养干预策略)和对照组(n=651,接受常规的营养干预),干预时间3个月。比较两组AD患者的认知功能(MMSE评分和MoCA评分)、营养状况(MNA量表、NRS-2002量表)及生活质量(GQOL-74),以评估干预策略的有效性。结果共发放调查问卷1332份,最终回收有效问卷1302份,有效回收率为97.75%(1302/1332)。调查结果显示,两组AD患者在干预前各基线特征与膳食营养状况差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。营养干预后,干预组患者的认知功能、生活质量和营养状况均显著改善,即干预组MMSE评分、MoCA评分、MNA评分和GQOL-74评分均显著高于对照组,NRS-2002评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论营养干预策略在改善AD患者的营养状况、认知功能和生活质量方面具有显著效果。Objective To explore the dietary nutrition status and nutritional intervention strategy of patients with Alzheimer′s disease(AD).Methods Among the 1332 patients with AD diagnosed at Xijing Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were enrolled as the study subjects.The dietary intake data of patients were collected through questionnaire surveys and dietary reviews.During the study period,30 patients did not complete the intervention due to withdrawal or loss of follow-up.Based on the actual number of people who completed the intervention,AD patients were randomly divided into intervention group(n=651,individualized nutritional intervention strategy)and control group(n=651,routine nutritional intervention),and both groups were intervened for 3 months.The cognitive function(MMSE score and MoCA score),nutritional status(MNA scale,NRS-2002 scale),and quality of life(GQOL-74)of the two groups of AD patients were compared to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention strategies.Results A total of 1332 questionnaires were distributed,and 1302 valid questionnaires were finally recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 97.75%(1302/1332).The survey results showed that there were no statistical differences in baseline characteristics and dietary nutrition status between the two groups of AD patients before intervention(P>0.05).After nutritional intervention,the cognitive function,quality of life,and nutritional status of patients in the intervention group were significantly improved.The MMSE score,MoCA score,MNA score,and GQOL-74 score of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group,while the NRS-2002 score was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Nutritional intervention strategy has a significant effect on improving nutritional status,cognitive function,and quality of life of AD patients.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 膳食营养 营养干预 认知功能 生活质量 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]