祁连山典型流域青海云杉林林分空间结构对林下更新的影响  

Effects of spatial structure of Picea crassifolia stand on undergrowth regeneration of a typical watershed in the Qilian mountains,China

作　　者：赵维俊 许尔文 牛赟 杜军 王坤[4] 任小凤 武秀荣 赵晶忠 ZHAO Weijun;XU Erwen;NIU Yun;DU Jun;WANG Kun;REN Xiaofeng;WU Xiurong;ZHAO Jingzhong(Gansu Qilian Mountains Forest Eco-system of the State Research Station,Gansu Province Academy of Water Resources Conservation Forest of the Qilian Mountains,Zhangye 734000,Gansu,China;School of Geography and Planning,Huaiyin Normal University,Huaian 223300,Jiangsu,China;Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;College of Global Talents,Beijing Institute of Technology,Zhuhai 519088,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院,甘肃祁连山森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,甘肃张掖734000 [2]淮阴师范学院地理科学与规划学院,江苏淮安223300 [3]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [4]北京理工大学(珠海)中美国际学院,广东珠海519088

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2025年第1期1-7,共7页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060247,32071606,42107494);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(23JRRG0022);张掖市市级科技计划项目(ZY2023RC10,ZY2024RC16)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究林分空间结构对林下更新的影响,为祁连山青海云杉林的林分结构调控和经营管理提供理论参考和实践依据。【方法】以祁连山排露沟流域的青海云杉次生林为研究对象,通过已建立的青海云杉林固定样地,对其林分结构和林下更新进行调查,计算林分的大小比数、角尺度、密集度、聚集指数、开敞度和竞争指数等空间结构参数及林下更新苗的植株密度、平均苗高、平均基径和平均冠幅等更新指数,并用灰色关联度分析法分析林分空间结构对更新苗的影响。【结果】林分大小比数、角尺度、密集度、聚集指数、开敞度、竞争指数均值大小依次为0.481、0.545、0.799、1.141、0.363、4.334,更新苗的植株密度、平均苗高、平均基径和平均冠幅均值分别为1 347株·hm^(-2)、0.90 m、20.95 mm、0.72 m。青海云杉林林分空间结构参数与林下更新指数的关联度均大于0.5,与林下更新最为密切的空间结构参数为角尺度,其次为聚集指数、大小比数、密集度、开敞度、竞争指数。【结论】针对目前祁连山青海云杉林的经营现状,需要优先考虑以角尺度为主要调整目标的优化林分结构措施,并在此基础上综合考虑空间分布格局的优化方案,以精准提升森林质量。【Objective】To explore the influence of forest stand spatial structure on understory regeneration,in order to provide theoretical reference and practical basis for the regulation of forest stand structure and management of Picea crassifolia forest in Qilian mountains.【Method】Taking the secondary forest of Picea crassifolia in Pailugou watershed of Qilian mountains as the research object,the stand structure and regeneration under the forest were investigated through the established fixed sample plots of Picea crassifolia forest,the spatial structure parameters of stand,such as size ratio,angle scale,density,aggregation index,openness and competition index,as well as the regeneration index,such as plant density,average seedling height,average basal diameter and average crown width,were calculated,the influence of stand spatial structure on regeneration seedlings was analyzed by grey correlation degree analysis.【Result】The mean values of stand size ratio,angle scale,density,aggregation index,openness and competition index were 0.481,0.545,0.799,1.141,0.363 and 4.334,respectively,the plant density,the average height,the average base diameter and the average crown width of regeneration seedlings were 1347 plants·hm^(-2),0.90 m,20.95 mm and 0.72 m,respectively.The correlation degree between spatial structure parameters of Picea crassifolia stand and regeneration index under forest is greater than 0.5,and the spatial structure parameters which are closest to regeneration under forest are angle scale,the second is aggregation index,size ratio,density,openness and competition index.【Conclusion】In view of the current management status of Picea crassifolia forests in Qilian mountains,it is necessary to give priority to the optimisation of stand structure measures with angular scale as the main adjustment target,and on this basis,comprehensively consider the optimisation plan of spatial distribution pattern in order to accurately improve the quality of forests.

关 键 词：青海云杉林 空间结构 林下更新 灰色关联度 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]