石灰岩山地不同生境淡竹蔸根和鞭根氮磷根际效应  

Different nitrogen and phosphorus related rhizosphere effects of culm root and rhizome root of Phyllostachys glauca McClure in the limestone mountain

作　　者：陈永镇 王光如 于鸿莹 周利平 张扬[1] 黎祖尧[1] 施建敏[1] 申展 CHEN Yongzhen;WANG Guangru;YU Hongying;ZHOU Liping;ZHANG Yang;LI Zuyao;SHI Jianmin;SHEN Zhan(Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Breeding and Efficient Utilization of Native Tree Species,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management,Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,Liaoning,China;Ruichang Bureau of Forestry,Ruichang 333200,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学江西乡土树种良种选育和高效利用江西省重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所中国科学院森林生态与管理重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110016 [3]江西省瑞昌市林业局,江西瑞昌332200

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2025年第1期39-47,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060380,31660198);江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养计划(领军人才)项目(20225BCJ22006);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(JXTG[2022]02);江西乡土树种良种选育与高效利用江西省重点实验室提供平台资助项目(2024SSY04093)。

摘　　要：【目的】探寻不同生境下石灰岩山地优势种淡竹Phyllostachys glauca Mc Clure蔸根和鞭根根际与非根际土壤的养分供应特征与根际效应差异,为喀斯特生境植物的养分管理利用提供理论依据。【方法】根据石灰岩山地裸岩率的不同划分了连续土(CS)、半连续土(SCS)、零星土(SS)3种生境,对3种生境淡竹林设置样地调查,进行淡竹不同类型根系土壤取样,测定其养分含量及根际效应,分析不同生境下淡竹根系土壤养分含量及根际效应的变化。【结果】1)随着裸岩率的升高,淡竹根际与非根际土壤铵态氮、硝态氮以及有效磷含量整体呈上升趋势。其中,以SS生境淡竹蔸根非根际土的铵态氮和硝态氮最高,分别为(28.10±1.70)、(2.81±0.35)mg/kg;有效磷则以SCS生境鞭根的非根际土含量最高,为(5.97±0.23)mg/kg,不同生境类型土壤铵态氮含量差异显著(P<0.05)。2)淡竹铵态氮根际效应随裸岩率的升高呈现由正效应转变为负效应的趋势,分布范围为-6.56%~44.57%。硝态氮根际效应在3种生境中变化趋势与铵态氮相同,分布范围为-35.22%~1.33%。3)蔸根和鞭根土壤有效磷含量及根际效应没有显著差异。【结论】石灰岩山地淡竹蔸根和鞭根的根际效应无显著差异,但从不同生境淡竹根系铵态氮和硝态氮的根际效应来看,淡竹具有喜铵厌硝的特点。【Objective】In order to explore the differences of plant available nutrients and their rhizosphere effects of two kinds of roots of Phyllostachys glauca McClure,a dominant species in limestone mountain areas,in different rock exposure habitats,and to provide theoretical basis for the nutrient management and utilization of karst plants.【Method】Based on the bare rock rates in the limestone mountain,three habitats of Phyllostachys glauca McClure forests,continuous soil(CS),semi continuous soil(SCS),and scattered soil(SS),were divided,and sampling plots were set up for investigation.Soil nutrient contents and rhizosphere effects of two kinds of bamboo roots were measured,and the changes of soil nutrient contents and rhizosphere effects of bamboo roots under different habitats were analyzed.【Result】1)As the bare rock rate increases,the total contents of ammonium,nitrate,and available phosphorus in the rhizosphere and bulk soils of P.glauca showed an upward trend.Among them,the ammonium and nitrate contents of the bulk soil of P.glauca in sporadic soil habitats were the highest,at(28.10±1.70)mg/kg and(2.81±0.35)mg/kg,respectively.The available phosphorus content was the highest in the bulk soil of SCS habitat,at(5.97±0.23)mg/kg.Soil ammonium content significantly differed among three habitats(P<0.05);2)The rhizosphere effect of ammonium shifted from positive to negative as the bare rock rate increases,ranging from-6.56%to 44.57%,and the same pattern was found in ammonium,the rhizosphere effect of nitrate was the same as ammonium,ranging from-35.22%to 1.33%;3)there was no significant difference in plant available soil phosphorus contents and their rhizosphere effect.【Conclusion】The rhizosphere effects of culm root and rhizome root of P.glauca did not differed significantly,however,from the perspective of rhizosphere effects of ammonium and nitrate,P.glauca prefer ammonium rather than nitrate.

关 键 词：淡竹 石灰岩山地 根际效应 土壤有效态养分 根系 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学] S795.9