基于ITS片段和cpDNA片段的具鳞水柏枝谱系地理学分析  

Phylogeographic analysis of Myricaria squamosa Desv.based on ITS fragments and cpDNA fragments

作　　者：汪明金 刘浩宇 袁伟博 余黎明 左文明 刘力宽[1,2] 李锦萍 WANG Mingjin;LIU Haoyu;YUAN Weibo;YU Liming;ZUO Wenming;LIU Likuan;LI Jinping(College of Life Science,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,Qinghai,China;Institute of Plateau Science and Sustainable Development,Xining 810008,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学生命科学学院,青海西宁810008 [2]高原科学与可持续发展研究院,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2025年第1期152-167,共16页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：青海省应用基础研究项目(2023-ZJ-749)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究具鳞水柏枝的遗传多样性、遗传结构和谱系地理分布格局,为具鳞水柏枝品种改良、种质资源保护和合理利用奠定理论基础。【方法】利用ITS序列和叶绿体DNA片段(基因rps16和基因间隔区pet A-psb J、psb E-pet L)对具鳞水柏枝54个居群共278个个体进行谱系地理学研究,分析其遗传多样性。【结果】基于cpDNA联合片段和ITS片段分别发现具鳞水柏枝的41个单倍型和33个基因型,遗传多样性较高,总遗传多样性远高于居群内遗传多样性。变异主要发生于居群间(ITS,54.75%;cpDNA,60.53%),具有较高的遗传分化程度(ITS:F_(ST)=0.54745,P<0.001。cpDNA:F_(ST)=0.60525,P<0.001)和中等的基因流(ITS:N_(m)=0.410。cpDNA:N_(m)=0.326)。存在较为显著的谱系地理结构(ITS:N_(ST)=0.624>G_(ST)=0.438,P<0.05。cpDNA:N_(ST)=0.458>G_(ST)=0.424,P<0.05)。Mantel检验显示,其遗传距离与地理距离呈显著正相关(ITS:r=0.341,P=0.001。cpDNA:r=0.209,P=0.001),说明地理隔离是其遗传分化的重要因素。【结论】具鳞水柏枝群体整体发展平稳,近期未经历较明显的扩张或收缩,处于动态平衡状态,推测巴颜喀拉山西南部和阿尼玛卿山南部为其主要冰期避难所。生态位模拟结果显示,自末次间冰期以来其适生区范围无较大程度变化,一定程度验证了群体历史动态分析结果。【Objective】To study the genetic diversity,genetic structure and phylogeographic distribution pattern of M.squamosa,and to lay a foundation for the improvement of M.squamosa,the protection and rational utilization of germplasm resources.【Method】The ITS sequence and chloroplast DNA fragments(gene rps16 and intergenic spacers petA-psbJ,psbE-petL)were used to study phylogeography and genetic diversity of 278 accessions from 54 populations of M.squamosa.【Result】Based on cpDNA fragments and ITS fragment,41 haplotypes and 33 genotypes were discovered,respectively.The genetic diversity was high,and the total genetic diversity among the group was much higher than the genetic diversity within the group.The molecular variation mainly came from the inter-populations(ITS:54.75%;cpDNA:60.53%),with significant genetic differentiation(ITS:F_(ST)=0.54745,P<0.001;cpDNA:F_(ST)=0.60525,P<0.001)and moderate gene flow(ITS:N_(m)=0.410;cpDNA:N_(m)=0.326).There was a significant phylogeographic structure(ITS:N_(ST)=0.624>G_(ST)=0.438,P<0.05;cpDNA:N_(ST)=0.458>G_(ST)=0.424,P<0.05).Mantel test showed that there was a significant positive correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance(ITS:r=0.341,P=0.001;cpDNA:r=0.209,P=0.001),indicating that geographical isolation is an important factor in its genetic differentiation.【Conclusion】The overall phylogenetic structure of M.squamosa population is stable,and it has not experienced obvious expansion or contraction recently,which is in a dynamic equilibrium state.Our data suggests that the southwestern part of Bayan Har mountains and the southern part of Animaqing mountains may be the main glacial shelters during phylogenetic development of the species.The niche simulation results show that there has been no significant change in the range of suitable areas since the last interglacial period,which verifies the results of group historical dynamic analysis to a certain extent.

关 键 词：具鳞水柏枝 谱系地理学 ITS序列 CPDNA 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S718.46[农业科学—林学]