四川盆地稻田土壤—水稻重金属富集与相关性评价  

Evaluation of Heavy Metal Enrichment and Correlation in Paddy Soil and Rice in Sichuan Basin

作　　者：黄苗 杨国涛[2] 刁燕 张雷 严瑜 李玉 许巍 杨亮 HUANG Miao;YANG Guotao;DIAO Yan;ZHANG Lei;YAN Yu;LI Yu;XU Wei;YANG Liang(Sichuan Kezheng Inspection Technology Company,Chengdu 610000;Rice Research Institute,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang,Sichuan 621010)

机构地区：[1]四川科正检测技术有限公司,成都610000 [2]西南科技大学水稻研究所,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第5期103-109,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：“水肥高效利用水稻新品种创制与应用研究”(2021YFYZ0016/21zs2167)。

摘　　要：本研究聚焦四川某地区稻田环境污染情况,以稻田土壤及稻米为主要研究对象。通过采集该区域216份土壤样品和稻米样本,运用单因子污染物指标法与内梅罗综合污染物指标法,对土壤中的砷、铅、镉、铬、汞、铜、锌、镍8种重金属元素及水稻中的砷、铅、镉、铬、汞5种重金属含量进行检测与评估,并开展对研究区土壤与稻米中各种重金属元素间的关联定量分析。结果表明:(1)研究区土壤镉和汞平均含量分别为0.47、0.98 mg/kg,均超标,超标率分别为27.78%和34.26%。内梅罗综合污染指数为1.11 mg/kg,达轻度污染程度。(2)土壤中8种元素间存在显著相关性,且重金属积累的途径可能相同。土壤汞的变异系数为163.20%,属高度变异,表明当地的污染源对土壤中的重金属有较强的影响,而土壤中的汞含量超标主要是人为的。(3)水稻中镉、铬和铅存在超标现象,超标率分别为19.44%、3.70%和19.44%。研究表明,水稻中的重金属富集程度与土壤重金属含量存在一定相关性,且与重金属的化学形态有关。本研究成果对食品安全和重金属污染修复治理具有一定的指导意义。To study the environmental pollution of paddy fields in a region of Sichuan,this paper focused on paddy soil and rice as the main research objects.A total of 216 soil and rice samples were collected from the area,and the heavy metal pollutants in soil and rice in the study area were evaluated by testing the content of eight heavy metal elements,namely arsenic,lead,cadmium,chromium,mercury,copper,zinc and nickel in soil,and the content of five heavy metals,namely arsenic,lead,cadmium,chromium,and mercury in rice,using the single-factor pollutant index method and the Nemero composite pollutant index method,as well as performing the quantitative analysis of the association between various heavy metal elements in soil and rice.The results showed that:(1)the average content of cadmium and mercury in the soil of this study area was 0.47 and 0.98 mg/kg,respectively,which exceeded the standard,and their exceedance rates were 27.78%and 34.26%,respectively.The combined pollution index of Nemero in this study area was 1.11 mg/kg and the pollution level was mild.(2)There were significant correlations between the eight elements in the soil and the pathways of heavy metal accumulation might be the same.The coefficient of variation of soil Hg was 163.20%,which was highly variable,indicating that local pollution sources had a strong influence on heavy metals in soil,and the exceeding of Hg content in soil was mainly anthropogenic.(3)Cadmium,chromium and lead in rice had exceeded the standards,with exceedance rates of 19.44%,3.70%and 19.44%,respectively.The study shows that the degree of heavy metal enrichment in rice has some correlation with soil heavy metal content and is related to the chemical form of heavy metals.It has certain guiding significance for food safety and heavy metal pollution remediation and treatment.

关 键 词：四川盆地 土壤 水稻 重金属 内梅罗综合污染指数 相关性 

分 类 号：S1[农业科学—农业基础科学]