硼硅对烤烟马铃薯Y病毒病防效与抗氧化酶活性的影响  

Effects of Boron and Silicon on Control Efficacy of Potato Virus Y Disease and Antioxidant Defense Activities of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：陈芬 李恺 张雪梅 李应龙 段柯帆 曹恒茂 高鑫 张景华 黄敏 董瑜 CHEN Fen;LI Kai;ZHANG Xuemei;LI Yinglong;DUAN Kefan;CAO Hengmao;GAO Xin;ZHANG Jinghua;HUANG Min;DONG Yu(Qujing Branch of Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Company,Qujing,Yunnan 655002)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司曲靖市公司,云南曲靖655002

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第4期108-113,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：云南省烟草公司科技计划项目“陆良烤烟马铃薯Y病毒病发生规律及绿色防控技术协同应用”(2022YNQJKJ04)。

摘　　要：探讨硼硅营养元素对烤烟病害防控效应及其生理作用机理,为烟草合理施肥与绿色病害防治提供参考依据。以‘云烟100’为材料,通过田间试验研究不同硼硅水平对烤烟马铃薯Y病毒病(PVY)发病率与叶片抗氧化酶活性影响。结果表明,硼硅降低了烤烟PVY发病率与病情指数,与叶面喷施清水(CK)相比,叶面喷施硼9.0 kg/hm^(2)+硅6.0 kg/hm^(2)的烤烟PVY发病率、病情指数分别下降了32.5%、22.0%,硼硅显著提高烟叶酶活性,烟叶苯丙氨酸降解酶活性、脯氨酸含量与CK相比分别显著提升了121.4%~426.5%、30.0%~74.3%。相关分析发现,PVY发病率与脯氨酸含量呈显著负相关,而苯丙氨酸降解酶活性与脯氨酸含量呈显著正相关。组合施用硼砂9 kg/hm^(2)与硅肥6 kg/hm^(2)可降低烤烟病害发生率,诱导防御酶活性增强。In order to provide reference for rational fertilization and green disease prevention and control in flue-cured tobacco,the effects of boron and silicon nutrient elements on the diseases prevention and control and the physiological mechanism were discussed.The field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different boron and silicon application levels on the incidence of potato virus Y(PVY)disease and defense enzyme activity of flue-cured tobacco named‘Yunyan 100’.The results showed that the application of boron and silicon reduced the incidence and disease index of PVY in flue-cured tobacco.Compared with the treatment of spraying water(CK),the incidence and disease index of PVY under 9.0 kg/hm^(2) boron+6.0 kg/hm^(2) silicon treatment decreased by 32.5%and 22%,respectively.Meanwhile,reasonable application of boron and silicon fertilizer significantly improved the defense enzymes activities of tobacco leaves,and the phenylalanine degradation enzyme activity and proline content were significantly increased by 121.4%-426.5%and 30.0%-74.3%,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that the incidence of PVY was significantly negatively correlated with proline content,while phenylalanine degradation enzyme activity was significantly positively correlated with proline content.The combined application of 9.0 kg/hm^(2) boron+6.0 kg/hm^(2) silicon could reduce the occurrence of diseases and induce the increase of defense enzyme activity.

关 键 词：硼 硅 烤烟 马铃薯Y病毒病 抗氧化酶活性 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]