数字产品进口与企业劳动收入份额  

Digital Product Imports and Enterprises Labor Income Shares

作　　者：魏浩[1] 雷一鸣 袁然 WEI Hao;LEI Yi-ming;YUAN Ran(Business School,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875,China;School of Economics and Management,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,100876,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院,北京100875 [2]北京邮电大学经济管理学院,北京100876

出　　处：《经济管理》2025年第1期128-144,共17页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“积极扩大进口对加快构建新发展格局的影响与对策研究”(23ZDA050)。

摘　　要：提高劳动报酬是实现共同富裕的重要途径,迅猛发展的数字贸易将如何影响劳动收入份额是一个亟待研究的问题。本文基于2000—2016年中国A股上市公司数据和中国海关数据,实证分析了数字产品进口对企业劳动收入份额的影响效果及作用机制。研究发现:数字产品进口会显著降低企业劳动收入份额,基于多种方法的检验均证实这一结论是稳健的。提高企业市场地位、推动资本偏向型技术进步和提高企业资本深化程度是数字产品进口降低企业劳动收入份额的作用渠道。进一步研究发现,当进口来源国为发达国家、企业处于低竞争行业和企业处于沿海地区时,数字产品进口对企业劳动收入份额的降低作用更为明显,推动国内市场一体化可以有效弱化数字产品进口对企业劳动收入份额的降低作用。本文研究有助于我国更好地应对数字产品进口对劳动力市场的冲击,为统筹开放、发展与共同富裕提供有益政策启示。Under the background of booming digital trade and the wave of digitization sweeping the world,it is an inevitable trend to carry out trade in digital products.However,with the rapid development of digital product imports,the supply and demand of the domestic labor market can be reshaped.The changes in labor income share and income gap caused by the import of digital products have attracted wide attention.To comprehensively examine the relationship between digital product imports and firms’labor income share,a theoretical model is constructed to elaborate the mechanisms through which digital product imports affect firms’labor income share.Furthermore,using the firm-level data from 2000 to 2016,this paper empirically examines the impacts of digital product imports on firms’labor income share.The study finds that,first,the import of digital products has a significant inhibitory effect on firms’labor income share.Instrumental variable estimation and various robustness tests confirm this conclusion.Second,the mechanism tests find that the import of digital products reduces the labor income share by increasing firms’market position,promoting capital-biased technological progress,and exacerbating firms’capital deepening.Third,the heterogeneity analysis finds that the inhibitory effect of digital product imports on labor income shares is more pronounced for landlocked firms with lower industry competitiveness.In addition,firms importing digital products from developed countries significantly exacerbate the depressing effect of labor income share.Fourth,further study finds that promoting domestic market integration helps weaken the inhibitory effect of digital product imports on labor income share.It coincides with the current national strategy of China to accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and provides a new path for China to accelerate the improvement of the income distribution pattern.The main contributions of this paper lie in the following three aspects.First,in the context of the co

关 键 词：数字产品进口 劳动收入份额 资本偏向型技术进步 国内市场一体化 

分 类 号：F752[经济管理—国际贸易]