中药在病原体诱导的代谢重编程及免疫抑制中的作用  

Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Pathogen-Induced Metabolic Reprogramming and Immune Suppression

作　　者：党怡雄 孙鑫 蒋静文[1] DANG Yixiong;SUN Xin;JIANG Jingwen(West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院,成都610041 [2]四川大学华西医院中国循证医学中心,成都610041

出　　处：《四川大学学报(医学版)》2025年第1期10-18,共9页Journal of Sichuan University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.82225049、No.82373336、No.82303238);四川省自然科学基金(No.25NSFJQ0049);四川大学华西医院学科卓越发展1·3·5计划项目(No.ZYGD23004)资助。

摘　　要：中药作为我国传统医学的重要组成部分,在抗击病原体感染性疾病和多种肿瘤方面展现出独特的疗效,尤其在增强机体免疫功能、维持内环境稳态和改善代谢平衡方面发挥了重要作用。然而,由于中药成分复杂,作用靶点广泛,其作用机制尚缺乏整体解析的切入点。此外,目前中药作用机制在分子和细胞水平上的研究仍显不足,限制了其在现代医学领域的广泛应用。近年来,越来越多的研究表明,中药不仅能够直接抑制包括细菌、真菌、病毒和肿瘤细胞等在内的病原体的活性,还能通过调控病原体代谢、宿主代谢对免疫重塑产生重要影响。因此,全面认识中药在调控代谢方面的作用对于认识中药的抗病原体作用至关重要。本文以病原体的代谢途径及其诱导的宿主代谢重编程为切入点,系统综述了中药在调控病原体代谢、病原体诱导的宿主代谢重编程及病原体导致的免疫抑制中的作用机制,为从分子水平解析中药在疾病发生发展中的机制研究提供了新思路。Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),an essential component of the traditional medicine practiced in China,has demonstrated unique therapeutic efficacy in combating infectious diseases caused by pathogens and various types of tumors.In particular,TCM plays a vital role in enhancing immune function,maintaining homeostasis,and improving metabolic balance.However,the complex ingredients used in TCM and its broad range of therapeutic targets present challenges for comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms involved.Moreover,the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying TCM's effects remain underexplored,limiting its broader application in modern medicine.Recent studies have increasingly revealed that TCM can not only directly inhibit the activity of pathogens,such as bacteria,fungi,viruses,and tumor cells,but also exert profound effects on immune remodeling by regulating the metabolism of both pathogens and hosts.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of the role of TCM in metabolic regulation is crucial for elucidating its anti-pathogenic effects.This review is focused on the metabolic pathways of pathogens and host metabolic reprogramming induced by pathogens.We systematically reviewed the mechanisms by which TCM regulates pathogen metabolism,influences pathogen-induced metabolic reprogramming in hosts,and mitigates immune suppression caused by pathogens.This review may provide new ideas for investigating the molecular mechanisms of TCM in disease development and progression.

关 键 词：中药 病原体 代谢重编程 免疫 分子机理 综述 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学]