藏族大学生初入平原后脱适应情况调查分析  

Investigation and Analysis of Deacclimatization in Tibetan College Students Upon First Visit to Low-Altitude Regions

作　　者：张卫花 韩可祯 邵莉[1] 杨超 赵可心 姜钊 ZHANG Weihua;HAN Kezhen;SHAO Li;YANG Chao;ZHAO Kexin;JIANG Zhao(Plateau Biomedical Big Data Mining and Bioinformatics Analysis Laboratory,Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang 712082,China;Key Laboratory for Molecular Genetic Mechanisms and Intervention Research on High Altitude Disease of Xizang Autonomous Region,Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang 712082,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏民族大学医学院,高原生物医学大数据挖掘与生物信息学分析实验室,咸阳712082 [2]西藏民族大学医学院,西藏高原相关疾病分子遗传机制与干预研究省级重点实验室,咸阳712082

出　　处：《四川大学学报(医学版)》2025年第1期254-261,共8页Journal of Sichuan University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：西藏民族大学校内科研项目(No.19MDQ01,No.24MDQ05);西藏自治区自然科学基金(No.XZ202201ZR0061G);西藏自治区科技创新基地自主研究项目(No.XZ2021JR0003G)资助。

摘　　要：目的以西藏世居藏族大学生为对象,探讨藏族学生初次到达平原生理指标的变化与海拔、年龄、性别之间的相关性,为高原人群初入平原的健康提供保障。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法抽取西藏民族大学大一藏族新生,选取身体健康,无呼吸、循环、神经系统等疾病且无上述系统疾病家族史的学生170名,其中男女生各85名作为本次研究对象。通过调查问卷及相关生理指标监测,分析藏族大学生到达平原后1个月内脱适应症状发生率及持续时间,同时利用R语言及SPSS软件分析探讨藏族学生初入平原前后血压、心率、体质量的变化情况与调查对象的年龄、性别及居住地海拔的相关性。结果统计分析发现,藏族大学生初次抵达平原后1周内会有脱适应症状,主要以头昏、乏力、嗜睡等为主,且女生发生率为41.9%,男生发生率为22.5%。其次,到达平原后血压和心率会经历先下降后恢复的过程,并且平均体质量较初入平原时增长1.5 kg。最后,不同性别、海拔高度藏族学生到达平原后血压、心率及体质量差异明显且具有统计学意义。结论藏族大学生到达平原后生理指标变化明显,且收缩压、体质量等与性别、海拔等因素相关性较强。Objective To investigate the correlation between changes in physiological indicators and altitude,age,and sex among ethnic Tibetan college students living in Xizang on long-term basis upon their first ever visit to a lowaltitude region,thereby providing health guidance for long-term residents of high-altitude regions when they visit lowaltitude environments for the first time.Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to select 170 healthy first-year college students of Tibetan ethnicity(85 males and 85 females),from Xizang Minzu University.The participants did not have any respiratory,circulatory,or nervous system diseases,nor any family history of such conditions.Based on their responses to questionnaires and the monitoring data of their physiological indicators,an analysis was conducted to assess the incidence and duration of deacclimatization symptoms among these Tibetan college students during the first month after their arrival at a low-altitude region.In addition,the R programming language and the SPSS software were used to analyze the correlation between changes in blood pressure,heart rate,and body weight and the participants'age,sex,and the altitude of their long-term residence in Xizang before and after their arrival at a low-altitude region.Results Statistical analysis revealed that Tibetan college students experienced deacclimatization symptoms within the first week of their first ever visit to a low-altitude region,primarily characterized by dizziness,fatigue,and drowsiness.The incidence was 41.9%among female students and 22.5%among male students.Furthermore,after arriving at low-altitude region,the participants experience an initial decrease followed by a recovery in both blood pressure and heart rate.They gained an average of 1.5 kg in body mass compared with their initial measurements upon arrival in a low-altitude region.Significant differences in blood pressure,heart rate,and body mass were observed among Tibetan students of different sexes and altitudes of their long-term residence in X

关 键 词：藏族大学生 高原脱适应 血压 心率 体质量 

分 类 号：R339.5[医药卫生—人体生理学]