基于CCUS的二氧化碳无水压裂与驱油技术体系设计及产业化应用研究  

Research on Design and Industrial Application of Carbon Dioxide Waterless Fracturing and Oil Displacement Technology System Based on CCUS Technology

作　　者：祁贤业 姚孔 袁小萌 郭蕴槿 汪可 Qi Xianye;Yao Kong;Yuan Xiaomeng;Guo Yunjin;Wang Ke(College of Intelligent Manufacturing,Lanzhou Resources&Environment Voc-Tech University,Lanzhou Gansu 730123)

机构地区：[1]兰州资源环境职业技术大学智能制造学院,甘肃兰州730123

出　　处：《中外能源》2025年第3期36-41,共6页Sino-Global Energy

基　　金：2024年度兰州资源环境职业技术大学校级科研能力提升计划项目“CCUS在油气开采领域中的技术研究与应用”(编号:X2024A-35)。

摘　　要：碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)技术作为一种重要的碳减排手段,通过捕集工业排放的二氧化碳并将其用于油气开采,从而实现油气资源高效开发与碳封存的双重目标。二氧化碳无水压裂技术利用液态二氧化碳替代传统水基压裂液,通过高压注入地层形成裂缝,建立油气渗流通道,提高原油产量。二氧化碳驱油技术则通过降低原油黏度、增加地层弹性能量,提升原油采收率。重点对二氧化碳无水压裂及驱油技术的工艺装备配置、装备参数、工艺参数、实施流程进行详细设计,并从二氧化碳捕集、处理、运输、封存与利用全流程建立CCUS在油气开采行业的技术体系架构。在东北某页岩油平台和新疆某油田的技术应用验证表明:二氧化碳无水压裂后,原油产量比作业前提高1.5倍以上,二氧化碳有效封存量占注入量的65%;二氧化碳驱油后,采收率可达到28%,是注水驱油的2倍,封存二氧化碳约占注入量的85%左右。两项技术在提高油气采收率的同时,有效降低了碳排放,产业化应用前景广阔。As an important technical means for carbon reduction,Carbon Capture,Utilization,and Storage(CCUS)achieves the dual goals of efficient oil and gas development and carbon sequestration by capturing industrial CO_(2)emissions and utilizing them in oil and gas extraction.In the waterless CO_(2)fracturing technology,liquid CO_(2)replaces traditional water-based fracturing fluids,which are injected into the formation at high pressure to create fractures,establish flow channels for hydrocarbons,and increase crude oil production.In contrast,CO_(2)flooding improves oil recovery by reducing crude oil viscosity and increasing reservoir elasticity.This study provides a detailed design of equipment configuration,operating parameters,and implementation processes for waterless CO_(2)fracturing and oil displacement technologies.Furthermore,it establishes an integrated technological framework for CCUS in the oil and gas industry,covering the entire process from CO_(2)capture,treatment,transportation,and sequestration to utilization.Field applications at a shale oil platform in Northeast China and an oilfield in Xinjiang demonstrate that waterless CO_(2)fracturing increases crude oil production by more than 1.5times compared to before operations,with effective CO_(2)sequestration accounting for 65%of the injected volume.Similarly,CO_(2)flooding achieves a recovery rate of 28%,double that of waterflooding,and approximately85%of the injected CO_(2)is effectively stored.These technologies enhance oil and gas recovery and significantly reduce carbon emissions,exhibiting promising prospects for industrial application.

关 键 词：CCUS技术 二氧化碳无水压裂 二氧化碳驱油 提高采收率 碳封存 产业化应用 

分 类 号：TE357.7[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]