欧盟法视野下我国政府数据开放中个人信息保护的制度完善  

Institutional Improvement of Personal Information Protection in the Field of Opening Government Data in China from the Perspective of EU Law

作　　者：田雨婕 TIAN Yujie(Law School of Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610207,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学法学院,四川成都610207

出　　处：《宜宾学院学报》2025年第2期50-56,65,共8页Journal of Yibin University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费(法学)项目“行政执法体制数字化转型研究”(2023fxzy-06)。

摘　　要：政府数据开放是激发数据要素潜能的关键举措,但政府数据中包含大量个人信息,信息主体权益可能会因行政机关的处理不当而受到损害。纵观各个国家和地区的个人数据保护制度,欧盟制定的《通用数据保护条例》是走在世界前列的个人数据权利保护立法。我国的政府数据开放存在个人信息权利的法律性质不明确、政府开放个人信息的裁量权过大、个人信息安全监管不严等问题。为构建科学合理的政府数据开放制度,需明确个人信息权不仅是一项私法权利还包含公权属性,兼顾有效利用和安全保障对数据开放范围进行分类分级管理,可借鉴欧盟立法设立专门的数据保护机构和专员。Opening government data is a key initiative to stimulate the potential of data elements,however,because of a large amount of personal information involved,the rights and interests of information subjects may be damaged due to improper handling by administrative organs.Looking at the personal data protection systems of various countries and regions,the General Data Protection Regulation(GDPR)formulated by the European Union is the legislation on the protection of personal data rights that is at the forefront of the world.In the practice of opening government data in China,there are problems such as the unclear legal nature of personal information rights,the excessive discretion of the government to open personal information,and the lax supervision of personal information security.In order to build a scientific and reasonable system for opening government data in China,it is necessary to make it clear that the right to personal information is not only a private right but also contains the attribute of public right,to classify and manage the scope of opening data with consideration for effective utilization and security,and to set up a specialized data protection agency and commissioner by drawing on the legislation of the EU.

关 键 词：政府数据开放 个人信息保护 通用数据保护条例 欧盟立法 

分 类 号：D912.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]