德国任务导向型创新政策:特征、效果与启示  

Germany's Mission-Oriented Innovation Policy: Characteristics,Effectiveness and Implications

作　　者：寇蔻 史世伟[2] KOU Kou;SHI Shiwei

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学德语学院 [2]对外经济贸易大学外语学院

出　　处：《欧洲研究》2025年第1期112-134,I0004,I0005,共25页Chinese Journal of European Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“百年大变局下中国与欧盟产业链协同发展研究”(项目批准号:21CGJ024);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“德国科技创新与产业转型研究”(项目批准号:2022JJ001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：德国是全球重要的创新型国家。为应对日益严峻的社会挑战,2006年以来,德国联邦政府实施具有任务导向特征的“高科技战略”,这一政策深刻影响了该国的科技创新路径。本文分析了任务导向型创新政策的内涵,并探究德国创新政策的特征和效果。文章认为,为解决系统失灵和转型失灵,德国政府基于社会重大挑战调整政策目标,侧重于解决具有广泛性和系统性的多元问题,创新组织形式,加强政府引导和跨部门协调,主动创造和塑造市场。任务导向型创新政策在一定程度上改善了德国的创新促进方式,推动了科技创新发展,但未能破除产业发展的路径依赖问题。基于德国经验,本文对中国的创新政策提出了政策建议。As one of the most innovative nations in the world,Germany has implemented the missionoriented “High-Tech Strategy”since 2006 to address escalating societal challenges,which has profoundly influenced its technological innovation trajectory. This article examines the concept and connotation of mission-oriented innovation policy and analyzes its characteristics and effectiveness in Germany. It argues that the German government dynamically adjusts its policy objectives based on the changing societal challenges so as to address system failures and transformation failures,focusing on solving issues which are both universal and systemic. It innovates organizational forms,enhances the guiding roles of the government and cross-ministerial coordination,and proactively creates and shapes markets. Germany's mission-oriented innovation policy has improved its innovation promotion and advanced scientific and technological development. However,it has yet to fully overcome the path dependency in industrial development. Drawing from Germany's experience,this article concludes with policy implications for China's innovation policy.

关 键 词：任务导向型 创新政策 德国 高科技战略 产业转型 

分 类 号：F151.6[经济管理—世界经济]