苏南某市大气污染物O_(3)、PM_(2.5)对呼吸系统门诊量的时间序列分析  

Time series analysis of air pollutants O_3 and PM_(2.5)on outpatient visits of respiratory system in a city of southern Jiangsu

作　　者：易仁玲 陈志永[2] 王珂[2] 陈小岳 YI Renling;CHEN Zhiyong;WANG Ke;CHEN Xiaoyue(School of Public Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211166,China;Department of Food and Environmental Diseases,Changzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changzhou,Jiangsu 213022,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京211166 [2]常州市疾病预防控制中心食品与环境疾病科,江苏常州213022

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第24期3416-3421,共6页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的探讨大气污染物臭氧(ozone,O_(3))、细颗粒物(fine particulate matter,PM_(2.5))与呼吸系统门诊量之间的关系。方法收集2021—2022年苏南某市12个环保监测点的空气污染数据、同期气象数据和6家监测医院的每日呼吸系统门诊就诊数据,采用广义相加模型定量分析O_(3)、PM_(2.5)暴露与呼吸系统门诊量之间的关系。结果苏南某市2021—2022年儿童和成人呼吸系统门诊量每日平均分别有1246和433人,O_(3-8 h)平均浓度为109.39μg/m^(3),PM_(2.5)的日均浓度为35.15μg/m^(3)。单污染物模型显示,O_(3)(Lag03)每升高10μg/m^(3),儿童和成人呼吸系统门诊量分别增加0.35%(95%CI:0.26%~0.45%)和0.81%(95%CI:0.64%~0.98%);而PM_(2.5)(Lag 07)每升高10μg/m^(3),儿童和成人呼吸系统门诊量分别增加8.13%(95%CI:7.88%~8.39%)和6.46%(95%CI:6.06%~6.87%)。多污染物模型显示,O_(3)在单独引入NO_(2)和同时引入SO_(2)、NO_(2)、CO、PM_(10)时,儿童和成人呼吸系统门诊量的超额危险度均增加;PM_(2.5)在单独和同时引入SO_(2)、NO_(2)、CO、PM_(10)时,儿童和成人呼吸系统门诊量的超额危险度均降低。结论大气O_(3)、PM_(2.5)浓度升高与呼吸系统门诊量之间呈正相关,其中儿童对PM_(2.5)浓度升高更敏感。Objective To investigate the relationship between air pollutants,including ozone(O_(3))and fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and outpatient visits of respiratory system.Methods The air pollution data from 12 environmental monitoring points in a city of southern Jiangsu from 2021 to 2022,meteorological data during the same period and daily respiratory outpatient data from six monitoring hospitals were collected.A generalized additive model was used to quantitatively analyze the relationship between O_(3)and PM_(2.5)exposure and respiratory outpatient visits.Results In a city in southern Jiangsu,the average daily outpatient visits of children and adults with respiratory system in 2021 and 2022 were 1246 and 433,respectively.The O_(3-8 h)average concentration was 109.39μg/m^(3),and the average daily concentration of PM_(2.5)was 35.15μg/m^(3).The single-pollutant model showed that the respiratory outpatient visits in children and adults increased by 0.35%(95%CI:0.26%-0.45%)and 0.81%(95%CI:0.64%-0.98%)for every 10μg/m^(3)increase in O_(3)(Lag03).However,for every 10μg/m^(3)increase of PM_(2.5)(Lag07),the number of respiratory outpatient visits in children and adults increased by 8.13%(95%CI:7.88%-8.39%)and 6.46%(95%CI:6.06%-6.87%),respectively.The multi-pollutant model showed that O_(3)alone introduced NO_(2)and simultaneously introduced SO_(2),NO_(2),CO and PM_(10)increased the risk of excess respiratory outpatient visits in both children and adults.When SO_(2),NO_(2),CO and PM_(10)were introduced separately and simultaneously with PM_(2.5),the risk of excess respiratory outpatient visits was reduced in both children and adults.Conclusion There was a positive correlation between the increase of atmospheric O_(3)and PM_(2.5)concentration and the outpatient visits of respiratory system,and children were more sensitive to the increase of PM_(2.5)concentration.

关 键 词：臭氧 细颗粒物 呼吸系统疾病 门诊量 广义相加模型 

分 类 号：R181.34[医药卫生—流行病学]