CFRP气雾中电火花加工实验研究  

Experimental study on EDM of CFRP in aerosol medium

作　　者：韩家璇 陈璠 杨旭光 王振宇 岳晓明 HAN Jiaxuan;CHEN Fan;YANG Xuguang;WANG Zhenyu;YUE Xiaoming(School of Control Science and Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture,Ministry of Education,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学控制科学与工程学院,济南250061 [2]山东大学机械工程学院,济南250061 [3]山东大学高效洁净机械制造教育部重点实验室,济南250061

出　　处：《航空学报》2025年第4期328-338,共11页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51905311);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2023ME222)。

摘　　要：碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)作为一种先进复合材料被广泛应用。传统切削加工方法加工CFRP易形成分层、毛刺、裂纹等加工缺陷,且对刀具有较大磨损。而激光加工和水射流加工CFRP易产生热影响区、冲击破坏、阶梯状分层等加工缺陷。作为一种非接触式加工方法,电火花加工(EDM)可以加工任何导电材料,而与工件的强度、硬度以及刚度无关,因此,电火花加工在解决大型CFRP构件难加工方面具有较大的应用潜力。但电火花加工CFRP存在CFRP工件被液态加工介质污染以及CFRP工件尺寸受限等难题。为此,提出在气雾介质中进行CFRP电火花加工,并搭建了基于六自由度串联机器人的电火花加工装置。开展了CFRP的电火花铣削加工实验,揭示了CFRP气雾中电火花加工的雾滴作用机理,验证了CFRP气雾中电火花加工的可行性。对于大型复杂CFRP薄壁结构件的低成本绿色高效加工具有重要意义。Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer(CFRP)is widely used as an advanced composite material.Traditional cutting methods for processing CFRP are prone to forming machining defects such as delamination,burrs,and cracks,and have the problem of severe tool wear.Laser processing and water jet processing of CFRP are prone to defects such as the heat affected zones,impact damage,and stepped delamination.As a non-contact machining method,Electrical Discharge Machining(EDM)can machine any conductive material regardless of the strength,hard⁃ness,and stiffness of the workpiece material.Therefore,EDM has a great potential in solving the difficult machining problem of large CFRP components.However,the EDM of CFRP faces challenges such as the contamination of the CFRP components by the liquid medium and the limited size of the CFRP components.Therefore,this study pro⁃poses to perform the CFRP EDM in an aerosol medium,and builds an EDM milling machine tool based on a sixdegree-of-freedom serial robot.The experiments on planar and spatial EDM milling of the CFRP components were conducted and the action mechanism of the droplet in EDM of CFRP material in aerosol medium was revealed,verify⁃ing the feasibility of the EDM milling of CFRP in aerosol medium.This study has a great significance for the low-cost,green,and efficient process of large and complex CFRP thin-walled structural components.

关 键 词：碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP) 气雾介质 电火花加工(EDM) 雾滴作用 边缘损伤区域 

分 类 号：V26[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]