论张玉娘及其《兰雪集》对林黛玉形象塑造的影响  

The Influence of Zhang Yuniang and Her Lanxue Ji on the Image Building of Lin Daiyu

作　　者：孔德凌[1] 刘相雨[2] 张颖慧 KONG Deling;LIU Xiangyu;ZHANG Yinghui(Faculty of Humanities and Communication,Jining University,Qufu 273155;College of literatre,Qufu Normal University,Qufu 273165,China)

机构地区：[1]济宁学院人文与传播学院,山东曲阜273155 [2]曲阜师范大学文学院,山东曲阜273165

出　　处：《济宁学院学报》2025年第1期35-42,共8页Journal of Jining University

基　　金：2023年国家社科基金项目“《清平山堂话本》的本事考辨与审美流变研究”(23BZW077)。

摘　　要：宋代末年的张玉娘,著有《兰雪集》,由明末清初戏曲家孟称舜刊刻行世。其人其著对于明清时期的文学创作有一定影响,为《红楼梦》中林黛玉形象的“基因图谱”的重要组成部分之一。张玉娘与林黛玉形象颇多相似之处,既风华绝代,敏慧绝伦,又体弱多病,多愁善感;既雅爱竹子,品格高洁,又富有才情,善写诗词。二者均与心上人相知相爱:玉娘与沈佺情深意浓,互赠紫香囊、鲛绡帨;宝黛心心相印,互赠香袋、绢帕。其爱情均走向悲剧结局:沈佺赴京宦游病卒,数年后玉娘病亡,被孟称舜赞为“情女”;黛玉为宝玉泪尽而逝,被脂砚斋评为“情情”。《兰雪集》中的“闺房三清”紫娥、霜娥、鹦鹉,在《红楼梦》中则出现了紫鹃、雪雁、鹦鹉。由此可见,张玉娘其人其著为林黛玉形象的“基因图谱”的重要构成要素之一。Zhang Yuniang lived at the end of the Song Dynasty,and authored Lanaue Ji,which was publishedby Meng Chengshun,the late Ming and early Qing opera writer.She and hear work had certain influence on theliterary creation in the Ming and Qing dynasties,and was one of the components of the"genetic msp"of theimage of Lin Daiyu portrayed in The Dream of the Red Charber.There are some similarities in the images of Zhang Yuniang and Daiyu.They were both not only extremely gorgeous and intelligent,but also weak andsickly,often frowning and bursting into tears;they both loved bamboos and had high moral character,rich intalent,and good at writing poetry.Both of them had their sweethearts,knowing and loving each other,and gaveand accepted tokens from their sweethearts:Yuniang and Shen Quan were deeply in love with each other,andgave each other purple scented pouches and silk handkerchiefs;Baoyu and Daiyu were in love with each other,and gave each other scented poutches and silk handkerchiefs too.Both of their love came to a tragic end:when Shen Quan died of illness during his trip to Beijing,Yuniang was heartbroken,died of illness a few years later,and was praised by MENCG Chengshun for being a"woman of love";Daiyu returned the tears to Bsoyu,eventually died,and was praised by ZHI yanzhai as"love for love".In Lanwue Ji,Yuniang's"boudoir trio,"Zie,Shuangre and the parrot,were often found,and in The Drearn of the Red Chanber there were correspondingimages of Zi Juan,Xue Yan and the parrot.Thus,Zhang Yuniang and her Lanxue Ji are the constituentelements of the"genetic map"of Lin Daiyu's image.

关 键 词：张玉娘 《兰雪集》 林黛玉 形象塑造 基因图谱 影响 

分 类 号：I207.411[文学—中国文学]