往复式预加氢循环压缩机活塞杆负载特性及疲劳失效研究  

Investigations on Load Characteristics and Fatigue Failure of the Piston Rod for a Reciprocating Pre-hydrogenation Circulating Compressor

作　　者：于洋 王胜利 方燚 刘世成 范文俊 YU Yang;WANG Shengli;FANG Yi;LIU Shicheng;FAN Wenjun(State Key Laboratory of High-End Compressor and System Technology,Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Hefei Anhui 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥通用机械研究院有限公司,高端压缩机及系统技术全国重点实验室,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《机床与液压》2025年第2期145-151,共7页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：中国机械工业集团有限公司重大科技专项(ZDZX2021-1)。

摘　　要：针对往复式预加氢循环压缩机活塞杆的负载特性及疲劳性能,建立其在最大拉力/压力工况下活塞杆的负载模型。鉴于解析法在活塞杆疲劳失效中的局限性,提出数值模拟与经验公式相结合的活塞杆强度校核方法。以某大型往复压缩机活塞杆断裂失效为例,采用有限元法计算活塞体和活塞杆之间的预紧力及其变形量,精确求解活塞和活塞杆柔度系数,计算活塞在最大综合拉力/压力位置时活塞杆预紧失效杆段的静强度安全系数、拉压疲劳应力幅安全系数和最大应力安全系数,分析了活塞杆的疲劳失效原因并提出了优化改进方案。结果表明:通过有限元计算的活塞杆最大应力位置出现在断裂处,即加热盲孔的末端;适当降低活塞杆与活塞体之间预紧力时,活塞杆失效杆段的拉压疲劳应力幅安全系数与最大应力安全系数均有所提升,由初始的14.32和1.78提高到优化后的14.64和1.86。Aiming at the load characteristics and fatigue failure of the piston rod for a reciprocating pre-hydrogenation circulating compressor,a load model with the maximum tensile/compressive force was built.Considering the limitations of the analytic method in the fatigue failure of the piston rod,strength check approach that combined with numerical simulation and empirical formula was proposed.The fracture failure of the piston rod for a large-scale reciprocating compressor was investigated as a case study.The finite element method(FEM)was used to calculate the pre-load and deformation between the piston and the piston rod,and the compliance coefficients of the piston and piston rod were exactly calculated.The safety factors such as static strength,stress amplitude and maximum stress for the piston rod were obtained at the position of the maximum comprehensive tensile force/pressure.The causes of the fatigue failure of the piston rod were analyzed,and an improvement approach was proposed.The results show that the position where the maximum stress happens in FEM and the actual rupture position are the same that is the end of heating blind hole.As the pre-load between the piston and piston rod decrease properly,the safety factors of stress amplitude and maximum stress in the piston rod failure rod section both increases,from the initial 14.32 and 1.78 to the optimized 14.64 and 1.8.

关 键 词：预加氢循环压缩机 负载模型 断裂失效 预紧力 柔度系数 

分 类 号：TH457[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]