面向等离子体钨基材料辐照特性研究进展  

Research progress on irradiation characteristics of tungsten-based plasma materials

作　　者：黄俊[1,2,3] 左彤 吴玉程[1,2,3] HUANG Jun;ZUO Tong;WU Yucheng(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Nonferrous Metals and Processing Technology,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Material and Processing Engineering of Anhui Province,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学材料科学与工程学院,合肥230009 [2]合肥工业大学有色金属与加工技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,合肥230009 [3]合肥工业大学安徽省有色金属材料与加工工程实验室,合肥230009

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2025年第2期395-410,共16页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家重大研发计划资助项目(2022YFE03140001);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)交流与合作重点项目(52020105014);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51474083);国家“清洁能源新材料与技术”学科创新引智基地项目(B18018)。

摘　　要：钨在受到氦离子辐照时,近表面形成的氦泡随着辐照进行逐渐长大、破裂。在不同辐照条件下,钨表面随着氦泡活动而产生不同程度的损伤。氦离子辐照除使钨内部形成氦泡,还会形成位错环、空洞等缺陷。与氦离子辐照相似,中子辐照也会使钨中产生缺陷并与位错相互作用,影响钨的塑韧性。钨作为未来面向等离子体偏滤器首选材料,需克服高能粒子带来的辐照损伤及由其产生的性能变化。针对辐照对钨基材料微观结构演化及变形行为的影响机制,本文对钨基材料受到氦离子辐照所产生的表面损伤及组织演化进行阐述,并对近年钨抗辐照性能,如抗辐照损伤、抗辐照硬化等方面的改善方式进行总结,其中钨抗辐照性能的提升方式以合金化和第二相掺杂为主,并对其他改性方式进行简要的总结叙述,为未来钨基材料在辐照方面的研究提供参照。When tungsten is irradiated by helium ions,the helium bubble formed near the surface gradually grows and breaks with the progress of irradiation.According to different irradiation conditions,the tungsten surface is damaged to different degrees with the activity of helium bubble.Helium ion irradiation not only causes helium bubbles to form inside tungsten,but also causes dislocation rings,voids and other defects.Similar to helium ion irradiation,neutron irradiation also causes various defects in tungsten,which interact with the dislocation and affect the plasticity of tungsten through the influence of dislocation mobility.Although tungsten is one of the first wall candidate materials for plasma in the future,in the face of harsh fusion reaction environment,tungsten still needs to overcome the irradiation damage caused by particles and subsequent performance changes.In view of the influence mechanism of irradiation on the microstructure evolution and deformation behavior of tungsten-based materials,this paper discussed the surface damage and microstructure evolution of tungsten-based materials induced by helium ion irradiation,and summarized the improvement methods of tungsten irradiation resistance in recent years,such as irradiation damage resistance,irradiation hardening resistance,and so on.The improvement methods of tungsten irradiation resistance are mainly alloying and second phase doping.Meanwhile,other modification methods were briefly summarized and described.It provided a reference for the future research on the irradiation of tungsten-based materials.

关 键 词：钨 辐照损伤 组织演化 塑韧性 抗辐照性能 

分 类 号：TG146.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]