5XXX系铝合金微合金化研究进展  

Research progress on microalloying of 5XXXX series aluminum alloys

作　　者：马尧尧 李婧[1] 夏玉峰 何洪[1] 李路[1] 蒋显全[1] MA Yaoyao;LI Jing;XIA Yufeng;HE Hong;LI Lu;JIANG Xianquan(School of Materials and Energy,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学材料与能源学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2025年第2期465-486,共22页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：重庆市发展专项重点项目(CSTB2023TIAD-KPX0016,CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0027);新疆兵团科技攻关项目(2024AB056);广东省基础研究重大项目(2020B0301030006)。

摘　　要：5XXX系铝合金在船舶、高速列车等传统工业领域具有重要的应用价值,近年来,其应用场景也逐步拓展至深空、深海、超高和超低温等极端环境中。随着服役环境复杂程度的持续提升,该系合金在力学性能与耐蚀性能方面面临着更为严苛的技术挑战与要求。微合金化不仅是一种有效改善5XXX系铝合金综合性能的方法,同时还是开发新型铝合金的重要手段。本文综合论述了Mg、Mn、Cr等主合金元素在5XXX系铝合金中的作用,重点探讨了Sc、Zr、Er、Ce等微合金化元素对该系合金组织和性能的影响,深入讨论了Al_(3)(Sc,Zr)、Al_(3)(Er,Zr)等复合粒子对5XXX系铝合金性能的强化机制,并基于Al-Lu相图分析及Al_(3)Lu相的热稳定性研究,创新性地提出以Al-Lu合金来替代Al-Sc合金作为5XXX系铝合金微合金化元素的方案,为制备新型高性能5XXX系铝合金提供了新的研究方向和技术路径。5XXX series aluminum alloy has important application value in traditional industrial fields such as ships and high-speed trains.In recent years,its application scenarios have gradually expanded to extreme environments such as deep space,deep sea,ultra-high and ultra-low temperature.With the continuous improvement of the complexity of the service environment,this series of alloys face more stringent technical challenges and requirements in terms of mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.Microalloying is not only an effective method to improve the comprehensive properties of 5XXX series aluminum alloys,but also an important means to develop new aluminum alloys.In this paper,the effects of main alloying elements such as Mg,Mn and Cr on the microstructure and properties of 5XXX series aluminum alloys were comprehensively discussed.The effects of microalloying elements such as Sc,Zr,Er and Ce on the microstructure and properties of 5XXX series aluminum alloys were mainly discussed.The strengthening mechanism of Al_(3)(Sc,Zr),Al_(3)(Er,Zr)and other composite particles on the properties of 5XXX series aluminum alloys was deeply discussed.Based on the analysis of Al-Lu phase diagram and the thermal stability of Al_(3)Lu phase,the scheme of replacing Al-Sc alloy with Al-Lu alloy as microalloying element of 5XXX series aluminum alloys was innovatively proposed.It provides a new research direction and technical path for the preparation of new high-performance 5XXX series aluminum alloys.

关 键 词：5XXX系铝合金 微合金化 高强度 耐腐蚀性能 稀土Lu 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]