我国统一碳交易市场构建中的监管困境及制度应对  

The Regulatory Dilemma and Institutional Response in the Construction of a Unified Carbon Trading Market in China

作　　者：王浩名 WANG Haoming(College of Economics and Law,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 200042,China)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学经济法学院,上海200042

出　　处：《大连理工大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期77-85,共9页Journal of Dalian University of Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国能源革命法律制度创新”(15ZDB179)。

摘　　要：碳排放权交易市场本质上是一种通过利用市场机制降低碳减排成本的环境规制工具。现阶段,我国碳排放权交易市场在从试点走向全国统一进程中逐渐形成的“特定行业全国市场与试点市场并存”格局对监管提出了新挑战。具体体现在:减排降碳监管目标的偏离、全国碳市场监管依据的缺失以及交易监管与降碳监管的结构性失衡三个方面;总结其根源有:市场工具适用惯性下的根本目的异化、区域与行业异质性下的标准难以统一以及对碳排放权二元法律特征的普遍忽视。应在明确碳排放权交易环境规制工具本质的基础上,确立行业及区域一定程度动态及类型化的监管思路,并构建以“碳市场成熟度理论”为指导的多元监管体系,作为对监管困境的制度回应。The carbon emission trading market is essentially an environmental regulation tool that reduces the cost of carbon emission reduction by using market mechanisms.At present,the pattern of“coexistence of national market and pilot market in specific industries”gradually formed in the process of China’s carbon emission trading market going from pilot to national unification poses new challenges to supervision.Specifically,it is reflected in the following three aspects:the deviation of emission reduction and carbon reduction regulatory objectives,the lack of regulatory basis for the national carbon market,and the structural imbalance between transaction supervision and carbon reduction supervision.The root causes are as follows.The alienation of the fundamental purpose under the inertia of market tools,the difficulty of unifying standards under regional and industrial heterogeneity,and the general neglect of the dual legal characteristics of carbon emission rights.In addition to clarifying the nature of environmental regulation tools for carbon emissions trading,we should establish a certain degree of dynamic and typed regulatory ideas for industries and regions,and build a multi-regulatory system guided by the“carbon market maturity theory”as an institutional response to the regulatory dilemma.

关 键 词：碳排放权 碳市场 全国统一大市场 碳监管 碳市场成熟度 

分 类 号：D922.29[政治法律—经济法学]