基于InVEST模型的三江源国家公园黄河源园区生境质量时空变化分析  

Analysis of temporal and spatial changes in habitat quality in the Yellow River Source Area of Sanjiangyuan National Park based on the InVEST model

作　　者：杨晓英 马旭燕 张富玲 辛兵厂 晁剑 马吉德 YANG Xiao-ying;MA Xu-yan;ZHANG Fu-ling;XIN Bing-chang;CHAO Jian;MA Ji-de(Qinghai Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources,Xining 810001,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application,Xining 810001,China;Qinghai Provincial Geographic Information and Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center,Xining 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省自然资源遥感中心,青海西宁810001 [2]青海省地理空间信息技术与应用重点实验室,青海西宁810001 [3]青海省地理信息和自然资源综合调查中心,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《河南城建学院学报》2025年第1期98-106,共9页Journal of Henan University of Urban Construction

基　　金：高分专项黄河流域青海段生态保护和高质量发展应用产业化示范基金项目(94-Y50G36-9001-22/23);青海省“昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才”项目(KLYC-2022-12);全省遥感影像统筹与服务能力建设项目(青财预字〔2022〕-YGTC)。

摘　　要：为揭示土地利用变化对生态系统的影响,以三江源国家公园黄河源园区为研究对象,分析2018年和2023年国产高分遥感提取的土地利用数据,运用InVEST模型和地理信息技术,对2018—2023年黄河源园区生境质量时空分布及变化趋势进行探究。结果表明:(1)研究区优势地类为草地、水体、湿地,呈集中连片式分布,有益于黄河源园区生态系统的恢复和改善;(2)研究区生境质量整体呈上升趋势,生境质量均值由0.867提升至0.898,低等级生境面积减少993.765 km^(2),较高等级生境面积增加1739.540 km^(2),黄河源园区生境质量转变与土地利用类型转移之间有显著相关性;(3)研究区生境质量整体呈现“东低西高、北高南低”的格局,各乡镇生境质量空间分布区域化差异显著,与区域土地利用分布实际情况基本吻合;(4)利用国产高分辨率影像数据进行土地利用类型提取和生境质量分析,精确地反映了研究区生境的异质性、破碎化程度和可达性。In order to reveal the impact of land use changes on the ecosystem,the Yellow River Source Area of Sanjiangyuan National Park was used as the research object to analyze the land use data extracted from domestic high-resolution remote sensing in 2018 and 2023,and InVEST model and geographic information technology were applied to explore the temporal and spatial distribution and trends of habitat quality in the Yellow River Source Area from 2018 to 2023.The results indicate that:(1)The dominant land types in the study area are grasslands,water bodies,and wetlands,and their concentrated and contiguous distribution is beneficial for the restoration of the ecosystem in the Yellow River Source Area;(2)The overall habitat quality in the study area shows an upward trend,with the mean habitat quality increasing from 0.867 in 2018 to 0.898 in 2023.In 2023,the area of low-quality habitat in the study area decreased by 993.765 km^(2),while the area of high-quality habitat increased by 1739.540 km^(2),further explaining the significant correlation between changes in habitat quality and transfer in land use types in the study area;(3)The spatial distribution of habitat quality from 2018 to 2023 exhibits an"east-low,west-high;north-high,south-low"pattern,with noticeable regional differences in habitat quality among various towns,which generally aligns with the actual distribution of land use in the region;(4)The use of domestic high-resolution remote sensing data for land use extraction and habitat quality analysis can accurately reflect the heterogeneity,fragmentation,and accessibility of habitats in the study area.

关 键 词：生境质量 黄河源园区 土地利用变化 InVEST模型 

分 类 号：TP751.1[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]