包覆层对含能药粒与器壁间静电相互作用特性  

Effect of Desensitized Coating on Electrostatic Interaction between Energetic Explosive Particle and Conducting Wall

作　　者：冯跃 周子隆 吴成成 郭学永[1] 张波[2] 王浩 王硕 FENG Yue;ZHOU Zilong;WU Chengcheng;GUO Xueyong;ZHANG Bo;WANG Hao;WANG Shuo(School of Mechatronical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemical Technology,Xiangyang 441003,Hubei,China;China Liaoning Qingyang Special Chemical Corporation,Liaoyang 111000,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学机电学院,北京100081 [2]湖北航天化学技术研究所,湖北襄阳441003 [3]辽宁庆阳特种化工有限公司,辽宁辽阳111000

出　　处：《兵工学报》2025年第2期178-189,共12页Acta Armamentarii

摘　　要：针对包覆型含能药粒生产过程静电安全阈值不清问题,利用再展开法构建柱坐标系下摩擦电包覆型药粒与容器壁面间的静电相互作用模型,基于改进Paschen定律明确药粒与壁面间静电放电的电荷密度与场强阈值边界,揭示颗粒结构与电学关键参数对包覆型含能药粒静电安全阈值的影响规律。研究结果表明:金属器壁对任意带电量的药粒在任意间距下保持静电吸引,电场峰值位于药粒-壁面间隙处;当药粒与器壁接触时,导体颗粒与金属器壁之间的电场趋于无穷,活性金属药粒的静电放电风险远高于单质炸药药粒;小间隙下包覆层会提高介质核心药粒间隙电场,但会降低导体核心药粒间隙电场;当包覆层介电常数为7.5ε0时(ε0为真空介电常数),表面电荷密度为40μC/m^(2)的包覆后介质核心药粒间隙电场峰值提高29.5%,达到放电阈值,而表面电荷密度为1.0μC/m^(2)的导体核心药粒间隙电场从无穷大降低至放电阈值下;虽然包覆层提高了活性金属导体药粒的本质静电安全,降低了单质炸药介质药粒的静电安全性,但包覆型活性金属导体药粒静电安全性仍远低于包覆型单质炸药介质药粒。This paper aims to study the electrostatic safety threshold of energetic explosive particles in the production process.A theoretical model of electrostatic interaction between coated energetic explosive particle and conducting wall in the cylindrical coordinate system is established using the re-expansion method.The boundaries of charge density and electric field threshold for electrostatic discharge between coated energetic explosive particle and conducting wall are defined based on the modified Paschen's law.The influences of particle structure and key electrical properties on electrostatic safety threshold are discussed.The results show that the conducting wall remains electrostatic attraction to particles with arbitrary charge and gap.The maximum electric field is located at the particle-wall gap.The electric field between the conductor particle and the metal conducting wall tends to infinity when they contact with each other.The electrostatic discharge risk of ractive metal particle is much higher than that of single-component explosive particle.The coating layer with small gap can increase the gap electric field of dielectric-core particles,but decrease the gap electric field of conductor-core particles.When the dielectric constant of the coating layer is 7.5ε0(ε0 is the dielectric constant of vacuum),the peak gap electric field of the coated dielectric-core particles with a surface charge density of 40μC/m^(2) is increased by 29.5%,reaching the discharge threshold.However,the peak gap electric field of the coated conductor-core particle with a surface charge density of 1.0μC/m^(2) decreases from infinity to a value below the discharge threshold.Although,the coating layer improves the intrinsic electrostatic safety of active metal conductor particle but reduces the electrostatic safety of single-component dielectric particle,the coated active metal conductor particle possesses less electrostatic safety than that of coated single-component dielectric particle.

关 键 词：包覆结构药粒 颗粒-壁面系统 静电放电 静电安全阈值 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术]