基于反馈近似损伤的振动加速激励设计方法  

A Design Method of Vibration Accelerated Excitation Based on Feedback Approximate Damage

作　　者：冯蕴雯[1,2] 杨容霁 薛小锋 刘佳奇[1,2] 高涛 FENG Yunwen;YANG Rongji;XUE Xiaofeng;LIU Jiaqi;GAO Tao(School of Aeronautics,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,Shaanxi,China;National Key Laboratory of Aircraft Configuration Design,Xi'an 710072,Shaanxi,China;Xi'an Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Information Technology,Xi'an 710065,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航空学院,陕西西安710072 [2]飞行器基础布局全国重点实验室,陕西西安710072 [3]西安机电信息技术研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《兵工学报》2025年第2期222-239,共18页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51875465)。

摘　　要：机电产品高加速剖面制定方法存在剖面关键要素与激励失效机制关联性不明确、故障激发效率低、试验成本高等问题。为打通累积损伤与振动试验剖面关键要素之间的关联机制,提出基于反馈近似损伤的振动加速激励设计方法,通过动态控制损伤增量,实现对振动试验剖面的精细化设计。结合振动损伤机制分析与功率谱密度频域解析技术,量化振动激励与累积损伤之间的映射关系,建立振动激励-损伤对应模型(Vibration Excitation-Damage Corresponding Model,CM-VED),以某型引信振动高加速步进试验为例验证所提方法的有效性。研究结果表明:获得的振动高加速试验剖面较标准固步法破坏极限激发精度提高60%,在保证高激发精度的基础上时间较均分法缩短33.33%;所提CM-VED可为建立激励-损伤对应关系提供理论依据;所提基于反馈近似损伤的振动加速激励设计方法可在保证激发精度的前提下降低试验成本,为机电产品振动高加速试验剖面设计提供技术支撑。The method for formulating the high-acceleration profiles for electromechanical products has some problems,such as unclear correlation between key element of profile and excitation failure mechanism,low fault excitation efficiency,and high testing costs.To establish a correlation mechanism between the cumulative damage and the key elements of vibration test profile,a vibration acceleration excitation design method based on feedback approximate damage is proposed.The refined design of vibration test profile is achieved through the dynamic control of damage increment.By integrating the analysis of vibration damage mechanism and the frequency-domain analytical technology of power spectral density,the mapping relationship between vibration excitation and cumulative damage is quantified,and a vibration excitation-damage corresponding model(CM-VED)is established.The validity of the proposed method is verified by taking the high-acceleration step vibration test of a fuse as an example.The research findings indicate that the obtained high-acceleration vibration test profile enhances the excitation accuracy of failure limit by 60%compared with the standard fixed-step method,and the time is shortened by 33.33%compared with that of the equal division method while ensuring high excitation accuracy.The proposed CM-VED can provide a theoretical basis for establishing the correspondence between excitation and damage.The proposed vibration acceleration excitation design method based on feedback approximate damage can reduce the test cost while guaranteeing the excitation accuracy,providing technical support for the design of the high-acceleration vibration test profile of electromechanical products.

关 键 词：高加速试验 近似损伤 振动激励 剖面设计 量化映射 

分 类 号：TJ301[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]