水稻籼粳交后代茎秆抗倒性状的遗传效应分析  

Analysis of Genetic Effects on Stem Lodging Resistance in Hybrids of Indica and Japonica Rice

作　　者：凌波 李相宜 梁莹莹 王泓超 陈小玲[1] 谢展文 张玉婷 程祖锌[1] 林荔辉[1] LING Bo;LI Xiangyi;LIANG Yingying;WANG Hongchao;CHEN Xiaoling;XIE Zhanwen;ZHANG Yuting;CHENG Zuxin;LIN Lihui(Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization,Ministry of Education,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学作物红遗传育种与综合利用教育部重点实验室,福州350002

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2025年第6期1-9,共9页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：福建省科技计划高校产学合作项目“绿色优质专用特种稻新品种的培育及其产业化”(2022N5011);福建省科技厅引导性项目“水稻粳型亲籼型种质资源的创制与利用”(2023N0005)。

摘　　要：水稻抗倒伏性状是一个复杂性状,剖析其遗传效应,对提高水稻抗倒伏能力具有参考价值。本文旨在通过植物数量性状的加性-显性遗传模型,探讨水稻抗倒伏性状的遗传效应。以籼粳杂交后代为研究对象,分析了16个抗倒伏性状的遗传方式和遗传参数。研究发现,9个性状的加性方差占遗传主效应比率变幅为49.9%~72.1%,7个性状的显性方差占遗传主效应比率变幅为48.2%~87.1%,9个性状的加性方差和显性方差占表现型方差均达显著或极显著水平,受基因加性效应和显性效应共同控制。基部抗折力、鞘叶厚度等8个性状与倒伏指数呈负相关,有利于提高基部抗折力和水稻抗倒能力。籼粳中间型亲本的抗倒伏性状杂种优势强,育种价值高,有效利用各性状的遗传特点,对培育抗倒伏的籼粳杂种具有重要指导意义。The lodging resistance of rice is a complex character,and the analysis of its genetic effect is valuable for improving the lodging resistance of rice.The genetic patterns and parameters of 16 lodging resistance traits in indica and japonica crossbred progeny were analyzed by using additive and dominant genetic model of plant quantitative traits.The variation of additive variance in the ratio of main effect of 9 traits ranged from 49.9%to 72.1%.The dominant variance in the ratio of dominant effect of 7 traits ranged from 48.2%to 87.1%.The additive and dominant variances of 9 traits accounted for significant or extremely significant phenotypic variances,which were controlled by both additive and dominant effects of genes.The 8 characters,such as basal folding resistance and sheath leaf thickness,were negatively correlated with lodging index,which was conducive to improving basal folding resistance and toppling resistance of rice.Indica japonica intermediate type parents have strong lodging resistance heterosis and high breeding value.Effective use of the genetic characteristics of each character has important guiding significance for breeding lodging resistant indica and japonica hybrid generation.

关 键 词：水稻 抗倒伏 茎秆物理性状 茎秆解剖结构性状 遗传效应 加性-显性模型 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]