基于燃气爆炸试验优化TNT当量法预测冲击波超压研究  

Experimental study based on optimized gas explosion shock wave overpressure prediction method

作　　者：程建华[1] 翁应康 顿志元 张紫君 Cheng Jianhua;Weng Yingkang;Dun Zhiyuan;Zhang Zijun(School of Civil Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo Henan 454003,China;School of Civil and Construction Engineering,Jiaozuo University,Jiaozuo Henan 454000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学土木工程学院,河南焦作454003 [2]焦作大学土木建筑工程学院,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2025年第2期223-229,共7页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(U1810203);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52178388);企业委托重大科研项目(H22-541)。

摘　　要：为探究不同定点距离下甲烷-空气预混气体爆炸冲击波超压预测方法的适用性和准确性,采用自制燃气管道爆炸装置进行了不同浓度下冲击波超压随距离变化特性试验研究,选用TNT当量法与TNO多能法分析了不同定点距离下不同浓度甲烷-空气预混气体爆炸冲击波超压的差异性,并基于TNT当量法对不同定点距离下燃气爆炸冲击波超压公式进行了修正。结果表明:甲烷-空气预混气体爆炸冲击波的衰减与冲击波超压成正比,与定点距离成反比;随着甲烷-空气预混气体浓度增加,冲击波超压曲线由介于TNT当量法与TNO多能法之间,逐渐演变为近端高于TNT当量法、远端低于TNO多能法;当甲烷-空气预混气体体积分数为9.5%、11.5%、13.5%时,修正后的冲击波超压随距离变化结果相较于实测值偏差绝对值百分比均低于25%。In order to explore the applicability and accuracy of the prediction method of shock wave overpressure of methane-air premixed gas explosion at different fixed-point distances,a self-made gas pipeline explosion device was used to study the variation characteristics of shock wave overpressure with distance at different concentrations.TNT equivalent method and TNO multi-energy method were used to analyze the difference of shock wave overpressure of methane-air premixed gas explosion at different fixed-point distances,and the formula of shock wave overpressure of gas explosion at different fixed-point distances was modified based on TNT equivalent method.The results show that the attenuation of shock wave of methane-air premixed gas explosion is proportional to the overpressure of shock wave and inversely proportional to the fixed-point distance.With the increase of methane-air premixed gas concentration,the shock wave overpressure curve gradually evolved from intermediate between TNT equivalent method and TNO multi-energy method to higher than TNT equivalent method at the proximal end and lower than TNO multi-energy method at the distal end.When the concentration of methane-air premixed gas is 9.5%,11.5% and 13.5%,the absolute value of the deviation between the corrected shock wave overpressure and the measured value is less than 25%.

关 键 词：燃气爆炸 爆燃 TNT当量法 冲击波超压 偏差绝对值百分比 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TE88[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]