产业数字化如何影响劳动力就业规模——基于数字要素投入视角的分析  

How Industrial Digitalization Affects the Scale of Labor Employment-An Analysis from the Perspective of Digital Element Input

作　　者：江静[1,2] 郑洁[2] 李宝琦 JIANG Jing;ZHENG Jie;LI Bao-qi

机构地区：[1]南京大学长江三角洲经济社会发展研究中心 [2]南京大学商学院

出　　处：《南通大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期68-85,160,共19页Journal of Nantong University:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中央主导型产业政策提升我国产业链供应链安全水平研究”(23BJY004);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“数字经济发展与长三角区域高质量一体化发展研究”(22JJD790037)。

摘　　要：产业数字化将深刻影响就业市场。理论和实证研究发现,我国产业数字化从需求侧的规模扩张和供给侧的产业链延伸两条路径支撑劳动力就业规模的稳定扩张,其中国内市场需求扩张和制造业的产业链延伸作用尤为突出。同时劳动力市场建设情况起着重要的调节作用,劳动力市场建设越完善,产业数字化对劳动力就业规模的扩张作用越明显。进一步分析发现,不同类型的产业数字化对不同行业就业的影响不同,以数字产品投入为主的产业数字化是制造业劳动力就业规模扩张的主要驱动力量,而以数字服务投入为主的产业数字化则对生产性服务业的劳动力就业规模扩张贡献较大。因此,深入挖掘国内市场需求并发挥超大市场规模优势,合理有序推进产业数字化转型,加快劳动力市场建设,加快现代化产业体系构建是产业数字化转型升级背景下实施就业优先战略的重要路径。Industrial digitalization will profoundly transform the scale of job market.Theoretical and empirical research reveal that China’s industrial digitalization bolsters the steady expansion of labor demand through two channels:the scale expansion of demand side and the industry chain extension of supply side,among which,the expansion of domestic market demand and the extension of manufacturing industry chain play a particularly prominent role.At the same time,the development of the labor market and the rationalization of the industrial structure play crucial moderating roles.The more developed the labor market and the higher the degree of industrial structure rationalization,the more pronounced the expansion effect of industrial digitalization on the scale of labor employment.Further analysis also reveals that different types of industrial digitalization have varying impacts on employment in different industries.The digitalization of industries focusing on digital product input is the main driving force behind the expansion of labor employment in manufacturing and life service industries,while the digitalization of industries with a focus on digital service input contributes significantly to the expansion of labor employment in productive service industries.Therefore,in the context of the transformation and upgrading of industrial digitalization,for implementing the employment-priority strategy,measures are to be taken in tapping into domestic market demand and leveraging the advantages of the super large-scale market,promoting the transformation of industrial digitalization in a rational and orderly manner,accelerating the construction and upgrading of the labor market,and expediting the establishment of a modern industrial system.

关 键 词：产业数字化 数字要素投入 劳动力就业规模 就业优先 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] F49[经济管理—国民经济] F832.51