输水管道水锤能量衰减效应及参数影响研究  

Research on water hammer energy decay effect of water pipeline and influence of parameters

作　　者：周领[1,2] 易昌宇 车同川 ZHOU Ling;YI Changyu;CHE Tongchuan(College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098 [2]长江保护与绿色发展研究院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2024年第12期185-192,共8页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51839008,51679066);霍英东教育基金会青年教师基金资助项目(161068)。

摘　　要：针对以往水锤计算通常仅考虑稳态摩阻,低估了瞬变压力的衰减问题,引入了高效简化卷积动态摩阻模型TVB(Trikha-Vardy-Brown),建立了考虑动态摩阻的水锤模型,同时设计搭建了不同尺度的水锤实验系统,验证了TVB动态摩阻模型的准确性.通过对动态摩阻压力衰减的理论分析,确定了动态摩阻相对重要性的敏感性参数,计算分析了管道长度直径比、马赫数、管道摩擦系数、初始雷诺数等敏感性参数对水锤压力衰减的影响,并提出一个无量纲参数K来评估动态摩阻的相对重要性.结果表明:管道直径长度比、马赫数、管道摩擦系数越大,初始雷诺数越小,动态摩阻在水力瞬变过程中对水锤压力衰减的相对贡献也越小.Aiming at the problem that previous water hammer calculations usually consider only steady-state friction,underestimating the decay of transient pressure,an efficient simplified convolutional dynamic friction model TVB(Trikha-Vardy-Brown)was introduced to establish a water hammer model considering dynamic friction,and a water hammer experiment system of different scales was designed and built to verify the accuracy of the TVB dynamic friction model.Through the theoretical analysis of dynamic friction pressure decay,the sensitivity parameters of the relative importance of dynamic friction were determined,and the influence of the sensitivity parameters such as pipe length-diameter ratio,Mach number,pipe friction coefficient and initial Reynolds number on the water hammer pressure decay was calculated and analyzed,and a dimensionless parameter K was proposed to evaluate the relative importance of dynamic friction.Results show that the larger the pipe diameter-length ratio,Mach number,and pipe friction coefficient,the smaller the initial Reynolds number,and the smaller the relative contribution of dynamic friction to water hammer pressure decay during hydraulic transients.

关 键 词：有压管流 动态摩阻 水力瞬变 无量纲参数 水锤 

分 类 号：TV134.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]