生成式人工智能的性质及其生成物权利归属  

An Analysis of the Nature of Generative Artifi cial Intelligence and the Ownership of the Product Rights

作　　者：易在成[1] 宾兴扬 YI Zaicheng;BIN Xingyang

机构地区：[1]澳门科技大学,中国澳门999078 [2]广西师范大学出版社集团,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《国际商务研究》2025年第2期91-101,共11页International Business Research

基　　金：Macao University of Science and Technology Research Fund Project(项目编号:FRG-22-005-INT)。

摘　　要：我国法律尚未对生成式人工智能及其生成物的属性加以界定,随着ChatGPT的流行,社会对此的关注度不断增加,厘清生成式人工智能的性质能够为技术的运用和推广提供法律基础。生成式人工智能本质上就与人类的思维模式不同,需分析它及其生成物使用时的规范问题。生成式人工智能存在人类非直接参与的自主性,而著作权法的设立目标针对的是“人”,工具属性也因自主性而不存在。当前生成式人工智能不是主体也非工具,轻易突破著作权法中日常语言边界为生成式人工智能规定特定的“人”过于激进,尚未对其权利与义务划分进行系统性研究,法律也无法苛求其能够承担责任。生成式人工智能生成物的权利归属不能直接归于特定法律主体,归于公有领域并通过“署名推定”规范特殊情况,更能体现著作权法激励创作的立法初衷。The nature of generative artificial intelligence and its products has not yet been defined by Chinese law,but with the popularity of ChatGPT,social attention is increasing.Clarifying the nature of generative artificial intelligence can provide a legal basis for the application and dissemination of technology.The generative artificial intelligence is fundamentally different from the human thinking mode,and it is necessary to analyze the normative problems in the use of it and its products.Generative artificial intelligence has the autonomy of human nondirect participation,and the establishment of copyright law is aimed at“people”,and the tool attribute does not exist because of autonomy.At present,generative artificial intelligence is neither a subject nor a tool,and it is too radical to easily break through the daily language boundaries of copyright law to specify a specific“person”for generative artificial intelligence.There has not been a systematic study on the division of its rights and obligations,and the law cannot demand that it be responsible.Therefore,the ownership of the rights of generative artificial intelligence products can not be directly attributed to specific legal subjects,but to the public domain and through the“attribution presumption”to regulate special cases,which can better reflect the legislative original intention of copyright law to encourage creation.

关 键 词：著作权 生成式人工智能 法律主体 ChatGPT 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]