3种中间砧对鲁丽苹果幼树生长及果实品质的影响  

The Effects of Three Types of Intermediate Rootstocks on The Growth and Fruit Quality of Young Luli Apple Tree

作　　者：吴波 邵长城 罗薇 陈广超 朱琳 WU Bo;SHAO Changcheng;LUO Wei;CHEN Guangchao;ZHU Lin(Culaishan Forest Farm,Tai’an City,Tai’an Shandong 271027,China)

机构地区：[1]泰安市徂徕山林场,山东泰安271027

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2025年第2期6-8,28,共4页Journal of Fruit Resources

摘　　要：【目的】在鲁丽苹果生产中,选用合适的中间砧,可有效促进鲁丽苹果的树体生长,提升果实产量与品质,增加生产竞争力。【方法】以鲁丽苹果为试材,以海棠为基砧,以青砧、SH40、M26作为中间砧,研究3种不同的中间砧对鲁丽苹果的生长发育、果实产量及果实品质的影响。【结果】以青砧、SH40、M26作中间砧的鲁丽苹果树高、冠径、主枝数量无明显差异,3种中间砧的鲁丽苹果枝类组成均比较合理;以青砧作中间砧的鲁丽苹果,在结果初期表现出较高的产量,比以SH40、M26作中间砧的鲁丽苹果产量略高;以M26作为中间砧的鲁丽苹果单果质量最小,固酸比最低;以青砧和SH40作为中间砧的鲁丽苹果单果质量相近,可溶性固形物质量分数和固酸比均高于以M26作中间砧的鲁丽苹果。【结论】综合分析,以青砧、SH40、M26作中间砧,各自具有独特的优势,在果树生长及果实品质方面均具有促进作用,表现为鲁丽苹果树体生长较好,初果期产量高,果品优良,适宜在以后的苹果生产中予以推广和利用。【Objective】In the production of Luli apple,the selection of appropriate interstocks can effectively promote the growth of Luli apple trees,improve fruit yield and quality,and increase production competitiveness.【Methods】The effects of three different interstocks on the growth and development,fruit yield and fruit quality of Luli apple were studied by taking Luli apple as test material,crabapple as base stock,green rootstock,SH40 and M26 as interstocks.【Results】There was no significant difference in tree height,crown diameter and main branch number of Luli apple with green rootstock,SH40 and M26 as interstocks.The branch composition of Luli apple with three interstocks was reasonable.The yield of Luli apple with green rootstock as interstock was higher in the early stage of fruit,which was slightly higher than that of SH40 and M26 as interstocks.The single fruit weight of Ruili apple with M26 as interstock was the smallest,and the solid acid ratio was the lowest.The single fruit weight of Luli apple with green rootstock and SH40 as interstock was similar,and the mass fraction of soluble solids and solid-acid ratio were higher than those of Luli apple with M26 as interstock.【Conclusion】Comprehensive analysis showed that green rootstock,SH40 and M26 as interstocks had their own unique advantages,which could promote the growth and fruit quality of fruit trees.The growth of Luli apple trees was better,the yield was high at the initial fruit stage,and the fruit quality was excellent,which were suitable for promotion and utilization in future apple production.

关 键 词：苹果 鲁丽 中间砧 生长 果实 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]