柱塞马达配流副泄漏功率损失分析  

Analysis of Leakage Power Loss in the Piston Motor Port Plate Pair

作　　者：陆阳钧 王兆强 刘斌山 侯现昭 王小强 周海勇 LU Yangjun;WANG Zhaoqiang;LIU Binshan;HOU Xianzhao;WANG Xiaoqiang;ZHOU Haiyong(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 200336,China;The 704 Research Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation,Shanghai 200031,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院,上海200336 [2]中国船舶集团公司第七〇四研究所,上海200031

出　　处：《机床与液压》2025年第3期162-169,共8页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51505272)。

摘　　要：为了分析柱塞马达配流副的泄漏功率损失,利用有限中心差分法求解微观楔形油膜润滑模型。基于W-M模型表征配流盘的表面形貌(考虑减振槽),并结合金属弹性变形,修正配流副油膜厚度。根据修正的油膜厚度,提出一种考虑表面粗糙度和弹性变形的泄漏模型,并计算了上下死点区域的泄漏量。该模型分别计算了不同粗糙度、工作压力、弹簧刚度和转速下的泄漏分布与泄漏功率占比。结果表明:考虑表面粗糙度与弹性变形后的泄漏模型更加精确,因粗糙表面引起的泄漏功率损失约是光滑表面的7倍;泄漏流量主要集中在配流副90°~180°之间;弹性变形对泄漏也会造成一定影响;不合理的弹簧刚度对泄漏功率损失影响最大,低转速工况虽然泄漏流量低,但却不利于油膜形成,易产生直接接触。In order to analyze the leakage power loss of the port plate pair of the piston motor,the finite median difference method was used to solve the micro-wedge oil film lubrication model.The surface of the valve plate(considering the damping groove)was characterized based on the W-M model,and the oil film thickness of the port plate pair was corrected according to the metal elastic deformation.According to the modified oil film thickness,a leakage model considering surface roughness and elastic deformation was proposed,and the leakage in the upper and lower dead points was calculated.The leakage distribution and leakage power proportion were calculated under different roughness,working pressure,spring stiffness,and speed.The results show that the leakage model is more accurate considering the surface roughness and elastic deformation,and the leakage power loss caused by rough surface is about 7 times that of a smooth surface,and the leakage flow is mainly concentrated between 90°and 180°.Elastic deformation also has a certain effect on leakage.The greatest influence on leakage power loss is found to be due to the presence of an unreasonable spring stiffness.Although the leakage flow is low under low-speed conditions,it is not conducive to the formation of oil film and easy to produce direct contact.

关 键 词：柱塞马达 配流副 泄漏功率损失 表面粗糙度 弹性变形 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]