2023年山东莒县入托儿童预防接种证查验及乙肝抗体检测结果分析  

Examination of vaccination certificates and analysis of hepatitis B antibody detection for children enrolled in care in 2023 in Juxian,Shandong

作　　者：戚德政 杨兆涛 刘安国 QI Dezheng;YANG Zhaotao;LIU Anguo(Juxian Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Rizhao,Shandong Province,Rizhao 276500,China;Juxian Medical and Health Development Service Center in Rizhao,Shandong Province,Rizhao 276500,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省日照市莒县疾病预防控制中心,山东日照276500 [2]山东省日照市莒县医养健康事业发展服务中心,山东日照276500

出　　处：《妇儿健康导刊》2025年第3期46-50,共5页JOURNAL OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN'S HEALTH GUIDE

摘　　要：目的 查验2023年莒县入托儿童预防接种证并分析乙肝抗体检测结果。方法 选取2023年1月至12月莒县辖区内公立幼儿园准备入托的163名儿童作为研究对象,对其进行儿童预防接种证的查验,统计预防接种证的查验情况、国家免疫规划疫苗的接种情况;然后检测儿童乙肝表面抗原和抗体,统计、分析检测结果。结果 预防接种证漏证率为1.23%、补证率为100.00%;国家免疫规划疫苗漏种率为14.11%、补种率为82.61%,漏种剂次占比最高的依次是A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗、乙型脑炎疫苗;补种剂次占比最高的依次是乙型肝炎疫苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗、A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗。乙肝表面抗体阴性率为20.86%,阳性率为79.14%;<3岁、3~<4岁、≥4岁的乙肝表面抗体阴性率有显著差异(P <0.05);首剂接种时间≤1个月和> 1个月的受检儿童中,表面抗体阴性率及阳性低抗体、中抗体、高抗体的占比差异显著(P <0.05)。结论 莒县入托儿童的预防接种证查验中仍存在漏证、漏种情况;乙肝抗体检测中,年龄越大、接种时间越久的儿童,抗体的滴度越低。社区公共卫生服务部门应重视预防接种证的查验和疫苗的全程接种,并定时定量检测乙肝抗体,以控制乙肝等传染病的流行。Objective To examine the vaccination certificates and analyze the hepatitis B antibody detection of children enrolled in care in 2023 in Juxian.Methods A total of 163 children ready for in Juxian from January to December 2023 were selected as the study objects,and children’s vaccination certificates were checked,and the status of vaccination certificates and vaccination of national immunization program vaccine were counted.Then the hepatitis B surface antigen and antibody of children were detected,and the detection results were analyzed statistically.Results The missing rate of vaccination certificate was 1.23%,the supplementary rate was 100.00%.The missing rate of vaccination of national immunization program vaccine was 14.11%,the supplementary rate was 82.61%.The highest rates of missed doses were group A and C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine,poliovirus vaccine and Japanese encephalitis vaccine.The highest rates of reseeding vaccination were hepatitis B vaccine,poliovirus vaccine and group A and C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine.The hepatitis B surface antibody negative rate was 20.86%,positive rate was 79.14%.There was significant difference in the negative rate of hepatitis B surface antibody in<3 years old, 3- < 4 years old and ≥ 4 years old (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the negative rate of surface antibody and the proportion of positive low antibody, medium antibody and high antibody among the children whose first injection time was ≤ 1 month and > 1 month (P < 0.05). Conclusion There are still cases of missing certificate and missing species in the examination of vaccination certificate of children in Juxian. In the detection of hepatitis B antibodies, the older the children and the longer the vaccination time, the lower the titer of antibodies. Community public health service departments should pay attention to the inspection of vaccination certificates and the whole vaccination of vaccines, and regularly measure hepatitis B antibodies, so as to control the epidemic of

关 键 词：入托儿童 预防接种证 疫苗接种 乙肝抗体 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]