身处江湖而心系台阁——杨维桢复杂心态新探  

Dwelling in the Jianghu,Yet Aspiring to the Court——A New Exploration of YANG Weizhen's Com⁃plex Mentality

作　　者：左东岭 ZUO Dongling

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学中国诗歌研究中心,北京100048

出　　处：《华南师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期5-19,205,共16页Journal of South China Normal University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“易代之际文学思想研究”(14ZDB073)。

摘　　要：杨维桢一生尽管居官之时少而隐居之时多,但其人生理想却始终是渴望进入朝廷台阁而名垂不朽。在隐居杭州与平江之时,尽管在与江南文人的诗酒唱和中养成风流潇洒的才子风度与追求享乐自适的人生观念,但屡次求人举荐复官的行为与《三史正统辩》的撰写,显示出他稳定而强烈的台阁情结;在隐居松江时期,尽管多与隐逸之士来往并自称“风月福人”,但通过与张士诚政权中诸多官员的密切交际及鼓励弟子出仕张吴的行为,说明他更愿意乐在廊庙台阁,其乐在山林江湖则是进取无望之后的无奈选择;在入明之后,他表面上依然表示坚守自我的隐逸之志,但通过对其《送检校王君盖昌还京序》《赠术士曹仲修序》等重要文献的考察,可以看到他渴望进入新朝台阁以完成制礼作乐、修史补经的强烈愿望。杨维桢的一生,无论在山水漫游、诗酒雅集的人生享乐中沦陷有多深,也无论具有多么怪异出格的行为与神出鬼没的笔调,他心中始终都没有放弃儒者的责任与进入台阁以承担传道修史的理想,心系台阁是其最为稳固的心理情结。Although YANG Weizhen(杨维桢)spent most of his life in seclusion and only a brief period in official posi⁃tions,his lifelong aspiration was to enter the imperial court and achieve enduring fame.During his reclusive years in Hangzhou and Pingjiang,he developed a refined and carefree persona,engaging in poetic and convivial exchanges with literati of Jiangnan and a⁃dopting a hedonistic view of life.However,his repeated efforts to seek recommendations for reinstatement to officialdom and his au⁃thorship of Debate on the Orthodoxy of the Three Histories(《三史正统辩》)reveal a stable and intense attachment to the imperial court.During his later years in seclusion in Songjiang,despite his close association with reclusive scholars and his self-identifica⁃tion as a“man blessed by the moon and breeze(风月福人)”,his active interaction with officials of ZHANG Shicheng(张士诚)'s regime and his encouragement of disciples to join ZHANG Shicheng's administration demonstrate a stronger inclination to⁃ward courtly engagement than retreating into the Jianghu(江湖),which he pursued only out of frustration when official aspirations proved unattainable.After the establishment of the Ming dynasty,YANG outwardly maintained his commitment to reclusion,yet works such as Preface to Escorting Supervisor WANG Gaichang on His Return to the Capital(《送检校王君盖昌还京序》)and Preface to the Taoist Master CAO Zhongxiu(《赠术士曹仲修序》)reveal his ardent desire to join the new court,where he could fulfill his ambitions of codifying rituals and compiling histories.Throughout his life,despite his indulgence in the pleasures of trav⁃el,poetry,and poetic and wine gatherings of the literati,as well as his eccentric behavior and unconventional writing style,YANG Weizhen never relinquished the Confucian ideal of assuming responsibility for transmitting moral teachings and compiling histories.His unwavering attachment to the court remained the most stable element of his psychological framework.

关 键 词：漫游江湖 享乐意识 台阁情结 传道修史 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]