信息基础设施建设与收入差距——基于新经济地理学模型的拓展分析  

The Construction of Information Infrastructure and Income Inequality:An Extended Analysis Based on the New Economic Geography Model

作　　者：裴馨 高远东[1] 卜寒 PEI Xin;GAO Yuandong;BU Han

机构地区：[1]西南大学经济管理学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《经济问题探索》2025年第2期41-61,共21页Inquiry Into Economic Issues

基　　金：重庆市社会科学规划项目“数字经济赋能重庆打造西部地区高质量发展先行区研究”(2024ZXZD28),项目负责人:高远东;全国统计科学研究重点项目“新型农业经营主体联农带农现状调查研究”(2023LZ012),项目负责人:高远东;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目资助“共同富裕背景下农村低收入人口常态化帮扶机制创新研究”(SWU2209218),项目负责人:高远东。

摘　　要：信息基础设施作为一种新型基础设施,其如何在重塑收入分配格局的过程中发挥关键作用,目前尚缺乏坚实的理论支撑与经验证据。本文首先通过融入信息基础设施、区分高低技能劳动力的方式,对新经济地理学模型进行拓展;然后基于由信息技术发展所引致的“冰山”交易成本、不同类型劳动力份额的参数变化,识别信息基础设施建设影响地区收入差距的微观机理;最后采用双重固定效应模型实证检验信息基础设施建设对地区收入差距的影响效应及其内在机制。研究发现:信息基础设施建设在总体上能显著缩小地区收入差距。机制分析表明,虽然信息基础设施建设通过促进高技能劳动力流动扩大了地区收入差距,但是信息基础设施建设通过降低“冰山”交易成本、促进低技能劳动力流动对地区收入差距的缩小作用更明显。异质性分析发现,信息基础设施建设对地区收入差距的缩小作用在北部、地方财政压力小的地区尤为突出。Regarding information infrastructure,which is a new type of infrastructure,how it can play a crucial role in reshaping income distribution patterns is lacking in solid theoretical support and empirical evidence.This paper,first,expands the new economic geography model through the integration of information infrastructure and the differentiation between skilled and unskilled labor.Then,based on the parameter changes of the"iceberg"transaction costs induced by information technology development and the share of different types of labor,the paper identifies the micro-mechanisms by which information infrastructure construction affects regional income inequality.Finally,the paper employs a double fixed-effects model to empirically test,the impact of information infrastructure construction on regional income inequality and its underlying mechanism.The study reveals that information infrastructure construction on average significantly narrows regional income inequality.The mechanism analysis shows that although information infrastructure construction has led to the expansion of regional income inequality by promoting the mobility of skilled labor,it has a distinctive more significant role in narrowing regional income inequality by reducing the"iceberg"transaction costs and promoting the mobility of unskilled labor.The heterogeneity analysis discovered that the role of information infrastructure construction in narrowing regional income disparities was particularly prominent in the north and regions with low fiscal pressure.

关 键 词：信息基础设施 收入分配 收入差距 新经济地理学 

分 类 号：F129.9[经济管理—世界经济]