“以群众团体政权为号召”:大革命时期中共建政愿景与实践  

"Establishing Revolutionary Popular Government through Mass Organizations":The Vision and Practice of Building Political Power of the CPC During the Great Revolution

作　　者：庞振宇[1] Pang Zhenyu

机构地区：[1]江西省社会科学院历史研究所,江西南昌330077

出　　处：《江西社会科学》2024年第12期93-102,207,208,共12页Jiangxi Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金冷门绝学专项“中央苏区历史地图及历史地理文献的整理与互证”(20VJXG014)。

摘　　要：大革命时期中国共产党提出国民会议是解决中国政治问题的道路,主张通过召开由人民团体直接选出的国民会议,建立革命民众政权,进而向苏维埃过渡。在北伐军胜利的各省,中共领导工农运动,筹备召开以工会、农民协会等职业团体为主体的乡民会议、区民会议、县民会议、市民会议、省民会议。上海市民会议选举产生临时市政府,是大革命时期中共建立革命民众政权的一次成功的尝试。中共“以群众团体政权为号召”的政权愿景,是对俄国十月革命模式的移植。但是,在党内合作的条件下,国共双方在政权主张上的龃龉、共产国际的右倾错误使中共右倾机会主义无法扭转,加之中共群团工作的不足,导致大革命时期建政的失败。随后,中共进入苏维埃革命的建政尝试。During the Great Revolution,the CPC proposed that the National Conference was the way to solve China's political issues,advocating for the establishment of a revolutionary popular government through the direct election of a National Conference by people's organizations,and then transitioning to the Soviet system.In regions liberated by the Northern Expedition,the CPC vigorously led workers'and peasants'movements and prepared for township,district,county,citizen,and provincial people's conferences with trade unions,peasant associations and other professional organizations as the main body.The interim municipal government elected by Shanghai Municipal Conference was a successful attempt by the CPC to establish a revolutionary popular government.The CPC's vision of"establishing revolutionary popular government through mass organizations"drew inspiration from the October Revolution in Russia.However,under the condition of intra-party cooperation,the political friction between the two parties,the right-wing errors of the Comintern,and the inability of the CPC to overcome right-opportunism led to the failure of establishing the government during the Great Revolution.Subsequently,the CPC transitioned to the attempt of building political power under the Soviet revolutionary framework.

关 键 词：大革命 中国共产党 国民会议 群团工作 

分 类 号：D231[政治法律—政治学]