国家在场与农民主体性建构的关系图谱——路遥《平凡的世界》中的孙少安形象重释  

The Relationship between State Presence and the Construction of Peasant Subjectivity:A Reinterpretation of the Character Sun Shao-an in Lu Yao’s Ordinary World

作　　者：雷鸣 张欣 LEI Ming;ZHANG Xin(School of Literature,Northwest University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学文学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期15-23,共9页Journal of Hebei Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“社会史视野下文学中的‘农村新人’形象重释研究(1942—2021)”(项目编号:22BZW164)。

摘　　要：路遥《平凡的世界》中的孙少安形象,映射着从集体化时代向改革时代转型过程中国家与农民之间的关系,其主体性建构与国家机制高度关联。集体化共同体时期的政治分层与经济差异,促使孙少安基于生存理性做出婚姻选择。国家对乡村治理的改革化转型,是孙少安成长为“经济人”的关键因素。先富起来的孙少安有原则地帮助贫困村民与捐资办学,被树为德性典型,既契合国家的共富远景,也是国家为解决现代化难题对新人范式的一种期待,以及权力技术的运用。在中国乡村现代化过程中,重释孙少安形象,能为国家如何正确处理与农民的关系提供一种参照。The character Sun Shao-an in Lu Yao’s Ordinary World reflects the relationship between the state and peasants during the transition from the collectivization era to the reform era,with his subjectivity construction being highly related to state mechanisms.The political stratification and economic differences during the collectivization community period prompted Sun Shao-an to make marital choices based on survival rationality.The state’s reformative transformation of rural governance was a key factor in Sun Shao-an’s growth into an“economic man.”The affluent Sun Shao-an,who generously helped impoverished villagers and donated funds for education,was regarded as a moral exemplar,which aligned with the state’s vision of common prosperity and was an expectation of the state for a new paradigm to solve the challenges of modernization,as well as a utilization of power techniques.In the process of China’s rural modernization,reinterpreting the character of Sun Shao-an can provide a reference for how the state should correctly handle its relationship with peasants.

关 键 词：《平凡的世界》 孙少安 国家 农民主体性 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]