表面微结构刀具流体润滑性能仿真分析  

Simulation Analysis of Fluid Lubrication Performance of Surface Micro-structure Tools

作　　者：徐伟 赵先锋[1] 史红艳[1] 丁井虎 杨补全 XU Wei;ZHAO Xianfeng;SHI Hongyan;DING Jinghu;YANG Buquan(College of Mechanical Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学机械工程学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2025年第2期58-65,共8页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51765009)。

摘　　要：为了探究微结构刀具的润滑减摩效果,利用FLUENT软件对刀-屑接触面间的微结构油膜的润滑性能进行仿真分析,研究不同微结构排列方式、微结构面积率、纹理形状、油膜厚度、切削速度对切削过程中油膜润滑性能的影响。结果表明:相比微结构普通排列方式,仿生蜣螂头部纹理的微结构排列方式提高了动压值,在出口处形成更高的速度区域,有利于动压油膜的形成;动压峰值随着微结构面积率的增加而下降,面积率为30.61%(微结构数量63)时,动压、总压承载均较高;随出口油膜厚度增加,入口处质量流量增大,动压承载增加,总压承载下降,油膜厚度为10μm时,动压、总压承载均较高,油膜综合性能较优异;切削速度对总压值影响不大,而随着切削速度的增加,动压峰值降低;椭圆形、三角形、正方形、圆形4种微结构表面总压梯度分布明显,动压高压区域大,其中正方形微结构的动压承载和总压承载均较高。优化后的微结构参数可以提高油膜润滑性能,延缓刀具磨损,为实际加工参数的选择提供了理论依据。In order to explore the lubrication condition and antifriction mechanism of micro-structure cutting tools,the lubrication performance of the micro-structure oil film between the tool-chip contact surface was analyzed by FLUENT software.The effect of different micro-structure arrangement,micro-structure area ratio,oil film thickness,cutting speed and texture shape on lubrication performance was studied during cutting process.The results show that compare to the ordinary micro-structure arrangement,the micro-structure arrangement of biomimetic dung beetle head texture improves the dynamic pressure value and forms a higher velocity region at the outlet,which is conducive to the formation of dynamic pressure oil film.The peak value of dynamic pressure decreases with the increase of micro-structure area rate.When the area rate is 30.61%(with 63 micro-structures),the oil film has a higher dynamic pressure and total pressure bearing capacity.The mass flow rate and dynamic pressure bearing capacity increase with the increase of the outlet film thickness,but the total pressure bearing capacity decreases.When the oil film thickness is 10μm,the oil film has a higher dynamic pressure and total pressure bearing capacity,and the comprehensive performance of the oil film is excellent.The cutting speed has little effect on the total pressure value,and the peak of dynamic pressure decreases with the increase of the cutting speed.There is a obvious gradient distribution of total pressure and a larger dynamic high pressure area on the surface of elliptical,triangular,square and circular micro-structures.And the square micro-structure has a higher dynamic pressure and total pressure bearing capacity.The optimized micro-structure parameters can improve the lubrication performance of oil film and delay tool wear,which provides a theoretical basis for the selection of actual machining parameters.

关 键 词：微结构刀具 表面微结构 油膜润滑 润滑性能 

分 类 号：TG71[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具] TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]