基于一种新型道岔清筛车的多维运动侧切式刀板挖掘装置研究  

Research on the side-cutting excavating gear based on the multidimensional motion on a new turnout cleaning and screening vehicle

作　　者：王海鹏 蔡昌胜 麦瑞 赵坤 黄加良 徐道猛 仝晓田 WANG Haipeng;CAI Changsheng;MAI Rui;ZHAO Kun;HUANG Jialiang;XU Daomeng;TONG Xiaotian(China Energy Railway Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100011,China;CRCC High-Tech Equipment Corporation Limited,Kunming Yunnan 650215,China)

机构地区：[1]国能铁路装备有限责任公司,北京100011 [2]中国铁建高新装备股份有限公司,云南昆明650215

出　　处：《轨道交通装备与技术》2025年第2期17-22,共6页Rail Transportation Equipment and Technology

摘　　要：道岔区域作为铁路工务线路基础设施的薄弱环节,由于其设备结构的特殊性,容易产生道岔区域道床板结翻浆严重的情况,铺设以后,一般很难对道岔基础进行系统改善。文章在研究以往道岔区域清筛问题解决方案的基础上,设计了一种能够适应道岔区域各种道岔规格的多维运动侧切式刀板挖掘装置,并配合新型道岔清筛车特有的“水车式”边坡挖掘装置辅以相对应的施工工法,解决长久以来的道岔区域机械化作业施工问题。该装置能够在X向、Y向、Z向一定范围内自由活动,且刀板在90°范围内可旋转作业,配合其独有的塌头调整机构,结合相应作业工法,能够实现道岔区域道床轨枕底部石砟挖掘和运送的功能。经过分析和试验,该侧切式刀板挖掘装置满足平直线路和道岔区域的挖掘作业需求,挖掘宽度能够满足挖穿道岔道床需求,实现道岔区域高效率清筛作业。As a weak link in railway track maintenance operation,the turnout area is prone to serious problems like ballast bed hardening and frost boiling due to its special structure.After the tracklaying operation,it is generally difficult to systematically renovate the turnout foundation.Based on the investigation of previous solutions to ballast cleaning and screening in the turnout area,this paper studies the design of a multidimensionally moveable side cutting blade excavating device adaptive to various turnout specifications in the turnout area.Combined with the unique waterwheel-shaped slope excavating device on a new turnout cleaning and screening vehicle,along with corresponding construction methods,the long-standing problems with the mechanized operation in the turnout area are solved.This device can move freely within a certain range in X,Y,and Z directions,and the cutting blade can rotate within a range of 90°for operation.In coordination with its unique blade tip adjustment mechanism and corresponding operation methods,it can realize the function of excavating and transporting ballast in the track bed and under the sleepers in the turnout area.Analysis and test verify that the side cutting blade excavating device meets the excavation requirements for straight lines and turnout section,and its excavating width meets the requirements for digging through the turnout and track bed,achieving an efficient cleaning and screening operation.

关 键 词：道岔区域 多维运动 机械化作业 侧切式刀板 刀板塌头调整 作业工法 

分 类 号：U216.632[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]