曲波域多步联合多次波衰减技术  

Multistep Joint Multiple Attenuation Technology in the Curve Domain

作　　者：殷学鑫 梁菲菲 张明珠 Yin Xuexin;Liang Feifei;Zhang Mingzhu(Geophysical Research and Development Institute,Geophysical-COSL,Tianjin 300459,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油田服务股份有限公司物探事业部,天津300459

出　　处：《工程地球物理学报》2025年第1期22-30,共9页Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics

基　　金：中海油田服务股份有限公司科研项目(编号:E-23242012)。

摘　　要：多次波衰减是地震资料处理的重要环节,多次波的衰减效果直接影响成像的质量。将多次波与一次波分离常用的方法有基于L2范数的最小平方法和曲波域减法,本文首先对现有的曲波域减法进行了优化,在曲波域减法之前加入最小二乘匹配,这样可以更好地保护有效信号。在复杂区域,可能发育多种类型多次波,针对这种多个多次波模型的情况,本文又提出了一种基于曲波变换的多步联合法多次波分离技术。所谓多步联合法,是在减去一种多次波后再去预测另一种多次波,依次得到多个模型,再从原始数据中同时减去多个多次波模型。相较于传统的串联减法和并联减法,多步联合法有三个方面的优势:①避免多次波的重复预测;②减小因不同类型多次波之间的相互影响而导致的预测不足;③能更好地凸显被掩盖的能量较弱的多次波。通过实际资料的应用效果对比,新的方法提高了多次波衰减的精度。Multiple attenuation plays a crucial role in seismic data processing,and can directly affect the quality of the seismic image.The commonly used methods for separating multiples from primaries include the L2 norm-based least-squares subtraction and the curvelet domain subtraction.This study optimizes the existing subtraction method in the curvelet domain by adding a least square matching before the subtraction,which can better protect the effective signal.In coplex geological surveys,distinct forms of multiple are often developed.To address scenarios involving the simultaneous existence of multiple models,it introduces a multistep joint multiple attenuation technology in the curvelet domain.The multistep joint multiple attenuation involves sequentially predicting each type of multiple after subtracting another type,and then collectively removing them from the original data.Compared with traditional serial subtraction and parallel subtraction,the multistep joint method has three advantages:①avoiding repeated prediction of multiples;②reducing influence arising from mutual interference between different multiple types;③highlighting the weakly amplitude multiples that are buried.Through the comparison of application results with actual data,the new method has improved the accuracy of multiple attenuation.

关 键 词：曲波变换 多次波衰减 多步联合法 自适应相减 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]