社会转型期劳动与知识再结合的危机——以电影《牧马人》为例  

Crisis of the Recombination of Education and Productive Labor in the Transformation Period:Focusing on The Herdsman

作　　者：袁剑 YUAN Jian(Department of Philosophy and Institute of Marxist Philosophy and Chinese Modernization,South China Rural Research Center,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510275)

机构地区：[1]中山大学哲学系暨马克思主义哲学与中国现代化研究所、华南农村研究中心,广东广州510275

出　　处：《绍兴文理学院学报》2025年第1期112-120,共9页Journal of Shaoxing University

摘　　要：电影《牧马人》的拍摄和上映正值农村从集体生产向小农户生产过渡的转型期,电影对两种生产方式的表现是和谐并置、互相渗透,均给予赞美,但也回避了社会现实中两者之间的矛盾。新中国构建新文化的努力,让农民对技术知识和精神文化的需求日益增长。在这个社会转型期,电影主人公、知识分子许灵均抱着革命理想主义的信念回到牧场的小学课堂。然而,集体经济的逐渐萎缩、退出和教育制度的改革,弱化了对旧的劳动与知识结合形式的支撑,在新的劳动与知识再结合的形式尚未生成的历史时期,许灵均的理想是悬置的。During the creation and screening of The Herdsman,it was a period of transition from collective production to smallholder production in rural area.The two types of production forms are harmoniously juxtaposed and interpenetrated in the film.The film praises both,while avoids their contradiction in the social reality at that time.With the new China’s efforts to build new culture,the need of rural people for technical knowledge and spiritual culture showed tremendous growth,therefore the intellectual Xu Lingjun returned to the ranch school with a spiritual belief of revolutionary idealism.However,due to the shrinking and withdrawal of public services provided by collective economic,as well as the reform of education system,the support for the old form of combining labor and knowledge had been weakened.At the historical moment when the new form of recombination had not yet been constructed,Xu Lingjun’s ideal was actually floating.

关 键 词：谢晋 《牧马人》 农业集体化 小农户 

分 类 号：J905[艺术—电影电视艺术] I206.7[文学—中国文学]