阿育吠陀医典《百医方》梵文-龟兹文残片PK AS 2A考释——以第一颂药方为中心  

The sanskrit-kucha fragment PK AS 2A in the Ayurvedic medical canon Yogaśataka

作　　者：张李赢 王兴伊 康萍 Zhang Liying;Wang Xingyi;Kang Ping(Foreign Language Teaching Center,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Institute of Science,Technology and Humanities,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Personnel Department,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学外语教学中心,上海201203 [2]上海中医药大学科技人文研究院,上海201203 [3]上海中医药大学人事处,上海201203

出　　处：《中华医史杂志》2024年第6期327-335,共9页Chinese Journal of Medical History

基　　金：上海市2023年度“科技创新行动计划”软科学研究领域定向委托项目(23692126404);上海市哲学社会科学规划课题(2021ELS005)。

摘　　要：《百医方》是一部阿育吠陀医典,曾被译为藏文、龟兹文和回鹘文,流传于西域、尼泊尔、斯里兰卡等地区。聚焦《百医方》梵文-龟兹文文书PK AS 2A的第一颂药方,汉译药方内容,考释药物与疾病名,分析双语药方特点,发现龟兹文译者在梵文原方的基础上增译了药方具体使用信息,但也存在译者识错或抄错梵文原文的情况。PK AS 2A所载的“治经血过多”方在古印度及西域广为流传,揭示《百医方》在西域不同文化圈中的传播和影响。Yogaśataka,an Ayurvedic medical canon,was translated into Tibetan,Kuchean and Uighur,and was widespread in the Western Regions(Xi Yu area),Nepal,and Sri Lanka.This paper focuses on the first formula prescription in the Sanskrit-Kuchean fragment PK AS 2A of the Yogaśataka in terms of its prescription translation into Chinese,examining drugs,the names of diseases,and analysis of the characteristics of prescriptions bilingually.It was found that the Kuchean translators added specific information of drug usages to the original Sanskrit prescriptions.The Kuchean translators also made mistakes,such as misunderstanding and transcribing errors.The prescription for menorrhagia in PK AS 2A was widely used in ancient India and the Western Regions(Xi Yu),revealing the influence of the Yogaśataka in different social and cultural levels in the Western Regions(Xi Yu).

关 键 词：《百医方》 梵文-龟兹文双语文书 PK AS 2A 经血过多 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]