基于CASA模型的秦巴山区NPP时空动态及影响因素分析  

Analysis of temporal and spatial dynamics and its influencing factors of NPP in Qinba Mountain Area based on the CASA model

作　　者：周娜芳 贡恩军 白天豪 赵婷 白红英 王俊[1,2] ZHOU Nafang;GONG Enjun;BAI Tianhao;ZHAO Ting;BAI Hongying;WANG Jun(College of Carbon Neutrality,Northwestern University,Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Neutrality Technology,Xi′an 710127,China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwestern University,Shaanxi Key Lab Earth Surface Syst&Environm Carr,Xi′an 710127,China;Tourism College,Xi′an International Studies University,Xi′an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学碳中和学院陕西省碳中和技术重点实验室,西安710127 [2]西北大学城市与环境学院陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室,西安710127 [3]西安外国语大学旅游学院,西安710127

出　　处：《生态学报》2025年第4期1829-1843,共15页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：秦岭山水林田湖草沙一体化保护与修复工程子项目(XCJ-2023-76)。

摘　　要：植被净初级生产力(Net Primary Productivity,NPP)是反映陆地生态系统碳封存能力和环境变化的直接指标,受气候变化与人类活动的共同影响,且在不同地形上有分异性。然而,人类活动及地形对秦巴山区植被NPP变化的影响研究尚且不足。采用CASA模型,综合利用线性趋势分析、转移矩阵和残差分析等方法研究了秦巴山区2001—2022年长时序NPP时空动态和地形效应,并进一步探讨了气候变化和人类活动对NPP变化的相对贡献率,主要结论如下:①秦巴山区2001—2022年的NPP空间分布表现为中间高,四周低,均值为585.11g C/m^(2),并以4.30g C m^(-2)a^(-1)的速度增加。②林地有最高的年NPP均值,而退耕还林区域具有最高的NPP增长速率(8.17g C m^(-2)a^(-1)),表明退耕还林是秦巴山区NPP增长的有效措施;③NPP随海拔和坡度变化具有明显的分异性。在海拔3400m以下,植被NPP随着高程的增加而增加,而当高程超过3400m时,植被NPP显著减少,坡度在10°—40°范围内植被NPP的多年均值和变化趋势较高;④秦巴山区NPP变化是气候变化和人类活动共同作用的结果,二者对NPP变化的相对贡献率分别为37.81%和62.19%,其中人类活动导致陇南等生态脆弱区NPP显著提高。Net Primary Productivity(NPP)of vegetation has been widely used to directly reflect the carbon sequestration capacity and environmental changes of terrestrial ecosystems.However,research on the impact of human activities across terrains on vegetation NPP changes in the Qinba Mountains is still insufficient.Based on the CASA model,the long-term spatial distribution of NPP in the Qinba Mountains from 2001 to 2022 and its topographic effects were comprehensively analyzed using linear trend analysis,transition matrix,and residual analysis.Furthermore,the relative contribution rates of climate change and human activities to NPP changes were explored.The main findings are as follows:①The spatial distribution of NPP in the Qinba Mountains exhibited a pattern of the middle height around the bottom,with a mean of 585.11g C/m^(2),and an annual increase rate of 4.30g C/m^(2)from 2001 to 2022.②The highest annual mean NPP was found in forestland among land use types.The highest increasing rate of NPP(8.17g C m^(-2)a^(-1))was found in the area of conversion of farmland to forest,indicating an effective land transfer type for NPP growth in the Qinba Mountains;③The NPP varies significantly with altitude and slope.The vegetation NPP increased with increasing elevation below 3400 m and decreased significantly above it.The annual mean and trend of vegetation NPP are relatively high within the slope range of 10—40°;④The change in NPP in the Qinba Mountains was driven by the combined impact from climate change and human activities,with the relative contribution rates of 37.81%and 62.19%,respectively.Human activities significantly increased the vegetation NPP especially in ecologically fragile areas such as Longnan region.

关 键 词：基于过程的遥感模型(CASA模型) NPP 趋势分析 地形效应 土地利用变化 秦巴山区 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]