广西市售辣椒重金属特征分布与健康风险评估  

Distribution of Heavy Metal Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Peppers Sold in Guangxi

作　　者：时鹏涛[1] 张莉娟 吴静娜[1] 蓝唯[1] 邓有展[1] 罗景文 杨秀娟[1] SHI Pengtao;ZHANG Lijuan;WU Jingna;LAN Wei;DENG Youzhan;LUO Jingwen;YANG Xiujuan(Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute/Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agricultural Product(Nanning),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruits,Nanning,Guangxi 530001,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所/农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(南宁)/农业农村部亚热带果品蔬菜质量安全控制重点实验室/广西亚热带特色水果质量安全控制重点实验室,南宁530001

出　　处：《中国无机分析化学》2025年第4期476-485,共10页Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：国家农产品质量安全风险评估项目(GJFP20230604)。

摘　　要：为研究广西市售辣椒的重金属含量特征及膳食风险,以广西市售辣椒为研究对象,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定辣椒中Pb、Cd、As和Cr含量并进行污染评价及健康风险评估,以期为广西辣椒安全生产和科学监管提供参考依据和支撑。结果显示,辣椒中Pb、Cd、As和Cr含量差异较大,平均含量分别为0.018 0、0.031 0、0.002 2和0.020 7 mg/kg。辣椒中仅出现Cd超标情况,整体超标率为13.6%;其中指天椒和线椒Cd超标率分别为36.5%和9.4%,其余品种辣椒不超标;表明Cd是广西市售辣椒主要污染因子。辣椒中重金属单因子污染指数排序为:Cd>Pb>Cr>As,均小于0.7,重金属综合污染指数为0.463,表明广西市售辣椒总体上处于安全级。但指天椒中Cd单因子污染指数达1.126,综合污染指数为0.797,处于警戒级;说明指天椒已受到Cd的轻度污染;其余辣椒品种尚处于安全级。单一重金属的健康风险指数(THQ)和4种重金属的复合健康风险指数(TTHQ)排序均为:Cd>Pb>Cr>As,均小于1,表明食用广西市售辣椒对居民没有明显的非致癌风险。辣椒中Cd的THQ值最高,非致癌风险贡献最大。儿童的THQ值和TTHQ值均略大于成年人,儿童的风险略高于成人。总体而言,食用广西市售辣椒的膳食健康风险较低,处于安全级;但需加强对辣椒中Cd的风险监测,尤其是指天椒和线椒。To study the characteristics of heavy metal content and dietary risks in peppers sold in Guangxi,Guangxi pepper was taken as the research object.Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)was used to determine the content of Pb,Cd,As,and Cr in peppers,and pollution evaluation and health risk assessment were carried out to provide reference and support for the safe production and scientific supervision of peppers in Guangxi.The results showed that there were significant differences in the content of Pb,Cd,As,and Cr in peppers,with average contents of 0.0180,0.0310,0.0022,and 0.0207 mg/kg,respectively.Only Cd exceeded the standard in chili peppers,with an overall Cd exceeding rate of 13.6%.Among them,the Cd exceedance rates of Conelike redpepper and Line pepper were 36.5%and 9.4%,respectively.Other varieties of peppers did not exceed the standard.It indicated that Cd was the main pollutant of chili peppers sold in Guangxi.The single factor pollution index of various heavy metals in peppers was ranked as follows:Cd>Pb>Cr>As,all<0.7.The comprehensive pollution index of heavy metals was 0.463,indicating that peppers sold in Guangxi were generally at a safe level.But the single factor pollution index of Cd in Conelike redpepper reached 1.126,and the comprehensive pollution index was 0.797,which was at the alert level.It indicated that the Conelike redpepper had been mildly contaminated with Cd.The remaining chili varieties were at a safe level.The ranking of the health risk index(THQ)for individual heavy metals and the total target hazard quotient(TTHQ)for four heavy metals was Cd>Pb>Cr>As,both of which were less than 1.It indicated that consuming peppers sold in Guangxi did not pose a significant non carcinogenic risk to residents.The THQ value of Cd in peppers is the highest,and its non-carcinogenic risk contribution is the greatest.Children have slightly higher THQ and TTHQ values than adults,and their risk is slightly higher than that of adults.Overall,the dietary health risks associated with consuming pep

关 键 词：辣椒 重金属 污染指数 污染评价 风险评估 

分 类 号：O657.63[理学—分析化学] X836[理学—化学]