非洲猪瘟病毒蛋白的结构和功能研究进展  

Advances in research on the structure and functions of African swine fever virus proteins

作　　者：罗梦 郭子强 李佳乐 帅文娜 李丽薇[1,3] 周艳君 姜一峰[1,3] 童武 童光志[1,3] 韦祖樟 高飞[1,3,4] LUO Meng;GUO Ziqiang;LI Jiale;SHUAI Wenna;LI Liwei;ZHOU Yanjun;JIANG Yifeng;TONG Wu;TONG Guangzhi;WEI Zuzhang;GAO Fei(Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute,CAAS,Shanghai 200241,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis,Yangzhou 225009,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院上海兽医研究所,上海200241 [2]广西大学动物科学技术学院,广西南宁530004 [3]扬州大学/江苏省动物重要疫病与人兽共患病防控协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009 [4]上海市兽医生物技术重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2025年第3期125-134,共10页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1800800,2021YFD1801401);上海市自然基金项目(21ZR1476900);国家自然科学基金项目(32373050,32072861);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-CSLPDCP-202402);上海市兽医生物技术重点实验室开放基金项目(BD1500010)。

摘　　要：非洲猪瘟(African swine fever, ASF)是一种在家猪和野猪之间传播的高度传染性和致死性的病毒性疾病,该病的病原体是非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus, ASFV),致死率高达100%。近年来,ASF疫情严重威胁着我国生猪产业的健康发展。与之前相比,我国的ASFV流行毒株逐渐由ASFVⅡ型强毒株转变为ASFVⅡ型和Ⅰ型的重组毒株。因此,迫切需要开发具有交叉保护效力的有效疫苗来预防ASFV的感染。ASFV的结构复杂,其基因组是一种大型双链DNA分子,大小在170~193 kb,包含150~167个开放阅读框,编码近200种蛋白。这些蛋白具有复杂的结构、功能以及免疫逃逸机制,使ASF疫苗研发困难重重。截止目前,尚未有针对ASF的有效疫苗或治疗药物问世,仍需要全面解析非洲猪瘟病毒蛋白的结构和功能,深入了解病毒感染机制以及病毒蛋白和宿主蛋白的相互作用。本文旨在综述当前关于ASFV相关蛋白的结构和功能的研究进展,以期为有效预防和控制ASF提供科学依据。African swine fever(ASF)is a highly contagious and fatal viral disease spreading between domestic pigs and wild boars.The pathogen of this disease is African swine fever virus(ASFV)with a mortality rate as high as 100%.In recent years,the healthy development of China's pig industry has been seriously threatened by the epidemic of ASF.Compared with previous situation,the epidemic strains of ASFV in China have gradually changed from strong strains of ASFVⅡto recombinant strains of ASFVⅡandⅠ.Therefore,there is an urgent need for developing effective vaccines with cross-protective efficacy to prevent ASFV infection.The structure of ASFV is complex,and its genome is a large double-stranded DNA molecule,approximately 170-193 kb in size,including 150-167 open reading frames,encoding nearly 200 proteins. The structure,function and immune escape mechanism of these proteins are complicated,which makes it difficult to developASF vaccine. And up to now,no effective vaccines against or therapeutic drugs for ASF have been available. Therefore,it is necessaryto comprehensively analyze the structure and function of ASFV protein,and deeply understand the mechanism of viral infection and the interactionbetween the viral protein and the host protein. This analysis is essential for screening antigen targets with good protection and designingtargeted and effective ASF vaccine strategies. In this review,the progress in current research on the structure and function of ASFV-relatedproteins was summarized,in order to provide scientific basis for the effective prevention and control of ASF.

关 键 词：非洲猪瘟病毒 结构蛋白 非结构蛋白 免疫逃避 

分 类 号：S855[农业科学—临床兽医学]