2024年吉安冰雹回波与雷电分布特征分析  

Analysis of hail echoes and lightning distribution characteristics in Ji'an in 2024

作　　者：黄小红 夏侯斌 彭永泰 钟兰頔 黄楠 Huang Xiaohong;Xiahou Bin;Peng Yongtai;Zhong Landi;Huang Nan(Ji'an Meteorological Bureau,Ji'an 343000;Nanchang Meteorological Bureau,Nanchang 330038)

机构地区：[1]吉安市气象局,吉安343000 [2]南昌市气象局,南昌330038

出　　处：《气象水文海洋仪器》2025年第1期67-70,共4页Meteorological,Hydrological and Marine Instruments

基　　金：吉安市生态气象重点实验室开放式研究项目(2021JEM204);吉安市生态气象重点实验室开放式研究基金项目(2020JEM101);吉安市生态气象重点实验室开放式研究基金项目(2024JEM222)资助。

摘　　要：为了做好江西吉安地区冰雹和雷达天气的预警工作,使用“天衍”雷达拼图和雷电分布等产品,采用雷达气象学等原理和分析方法,对2024年江西吉安两次冰雹超级单体回波特征与超级单体雷电特征进行分析。结果表明:吉安、峡江冰雹为超级单体结构,有65 dBZ或70 dBZ强回波核;垂直积分液态水含量≥60 kg/m^(2);超级单体上雷电分布与强回波位置基本对应,闪电密度较高;超级单体冰雹回波的垂直剖面60 dBZ回波分布在1.5 km~9.0 km, 65~70 dBZ强回波顶可以伸展到3 km~7 km;回波垂直廓线最大值分布在60~70 dBZ以上;60 dBZ回波在1.5 km以上,随着时间推移,60 dBZ强回波底部高度逐渐下移,这是即将出现冰雹的征兆;两次超级单体差分反射率最大值都为7.8 dB,差分传播相移率均≥5.0°/km。研究结果为江西吉安地区超级单体冰雹回波的识别与雷电预警提供了分析依据。In order to do a good job in early warning of hail and radar weather in Ji'an area,Jiangxi Province,the"Tianyan"radar puzzle and lightning distribution products were used,and the principles and analysis methods of radar meteorology were adopted to analyze the echo characteristics and lightning characteristics of two hail super cells in Ji'an,Jiangxi Province in 2024.The results show that the hail in Ji'an and Xiajiang are super monomer structures with strong echo nuclei of 65 dBZ or 70 dBZ.Vertical integral liquid water content≥60 kg/m^(2).The lightning distribution on the supercell corresponds to the location of strong echoes,and the lightning density is relatively high.The vertical profile of 60 dBZ echoes from supercell hail echoes is distributed between 1.5 km and 9.0 km,and the strong echo peak of 65-70 dBZ can extend up to 3 km to 7 km.The maximum distribution of the vertical profile of the echo is above 6070 dBZ.The 60 dBZ echo is above 1.5 km,and over time,the bottom height of the strong 60 dBZ echo gradually decreases,which is a sign of impending hail.The maximum differential reflectivity of the two supercells was 7.8 dB,and the differential propagation phase shift rate was≥5.0°/km.The research results provide an analytical basis for the identification and lightning warning of super single hail echoes in Ji'an area,Jiangxi Province.

关 键 词：吉安冰雹 超级单体 雷电分布 

分 类 号：P458.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]