江西气象站雷击风险与防护设计  

Lightning risk and protection design of Jiangxi meteorological station

作　　者：刘思汉 王成芳 吕振东 徐乐 王明飞 芦周成 Liu Sihan;Wang Chengfang;Lv Zhendong;Xu Le;Wang Mingfei;Lu Zhoucheng(The Meteorological Service Center of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330046;Jiangxi Ganxiang Lightning Protection Testing Center Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330046;Yangzhou Meteorological Bureau,Yangzhou 225009)

机构地区：[1]江西省气象服务中心,南昌330046 [2]江西赣象防雷检测中心有限公司,南昌330046 [3]扬州市气象局,扬州225009

出　　处：《气象水文海洋仪器》2025年第1期137-140,共4页Meteorological,Hydrological and Marine Instruments

基　　金：江西省气象服务中心2022年自筹科研项目(FWZX202210);江西省气象科技青年人才培养项目(JX2021Q07)资助。

摘　　要：为了进一步提高气象站的雷电防护能力,文章对江西省内气象站点的概况、雷电风险情况、气象站设备布局进行分析,提出了雷击风险极高易发区观测场区域接闪器的布置方案,设计了一种新型的基于雷电预警信息的信号系统雷电防护方法。同时,当场室遭受雷击导致功能性失效时,使用备份的气象六要素便携式气象观测设备进行应急观测,保障当地的气象观测能力。雷击风险区划、直击雷防护、信号系统的精细化防雷设计、雷电防护失效后备份应急措施的应用等措施有助于提高气象站场室的雷电防护能力、降低人员经济损失、保障气象观测能力。In order to further improve the lightning protection capability of meteorological stations,this article analyses the overview,lightning risk situation,and equipment layout of meteorological stations in Jiangxi Province.A layout plan for lightning arresters in observation areas with extremely high lightning risk was proposed,and a new type of lightning protection method for signal systems based on lightning warning information was designed.At the same time,in the event of functional failure due to lightning strikes on the site,backup meteorological six element portable meteorological observation equipment should be used for emergency observation to ensure local meteorological observation capabilities.Measures such as lightning risk zoning,direct lightning protection,refined lightning protection design of signal systems,and application of backup emergency measures after lightning protection failure can help improve the lightning protection capability of meteorological stations,reduce personnel economic losses,and ensure meteorological observation capabilities.

关 键 词：气象站 雷击风险 防护 场室 

分 类 号：P415.12[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P429