数据要素共享与新质生产力——基于有效市场和有为政府的机制分析  

Data Factor Sharing and New Quality Productivity:Analysis of Mechanisms Based on Efficient Market and Active Government

作　　者：袁天荣[1] 张佩雯 刘瑞 YUAN Tianrong;ZHANG Peiwen;LIU Rui(Faculty of Accountancy,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073,China;Faculty of Accountancy,Wuhan College,Wuhan 430212,China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学会计学院,湖北武汉430073 [2]武汉学院会计学院,湖北武汉430212

出　　处：《经济与管理》2025年第2期1-11,共11页Economy and Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(21BGL100)。

摘　　要：公共数据开放是推动数字政府建设、提升国家治理现代化水平的重要战略,其能否释放数据要素红利、提升新质生产力水平,是理论界与实践界共同关注的重要议题。基于2009—2022年地级市及以上城市面板数据,以各地政府上线公共数据开放平台为外生冲击,采用多时点双重差分模型系统检验了公共数据开放对新质生产力的影响。研究发现:(1)公共数据开放有效提升了新质生产力水平。(2)机制分析发现,公共数据开放通过有效市场逻辑途径与有为政府逻辑途径来促进新质生产力水平提升。(3)异质性分析发现,在产业结构高级地区与要素禀赋较低地区,公共数据开放对新质生产力水平的提升效应更明显。(4)公共数据质量的提升能明显促进新质生产力发展。(5)进一步对新质生产力进行细分,相比新质劳动者与新质劳动资料,公共数据开放对新质劳动对象的积极影响更加显著。Public data opening is an important strategy to promote the construction of digital government and enhance the modernization of national governance,and whether it can release the dividends of data elements and enhance the level of new quality productivity is an important issue of common concern between the theoretical and practical circles.Using panel data of prefecture-level cities and above from 2009 to 2022,this paper systematically examines the impact of public data opening on new quality productivity by adopting a multi-temporal double-difference model with the exogenous impact of governments'online public data opening platforms.The study finds that,first,public data openness effectively enhances the level of new quality productivity.Second,the mechanism analysis finds that public data openness promotes the level of new quality productivity through the effective market logic pathway and the active government logic pathway.Third,the heterogeneity analysis finds that the enhancement effect of public data openness on the level of new quality productivity is more obvious in regions with higher levels of advanced industrial structure versus regions with lower factor endowments.Fourth,the improvement of public data quality can significantly promote the development of new quality productivity.Fifth,further subdividing the new quality productivity,the positive impact of public data openness on new quality labor objects is more significant than that on new quality laborers and new quality labor materials.

关 键 词：公共数据开放 新质生产力 数据要素共享 有效市场 有为政府 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济] F290