镁热还原制备硅纳米片的电化学性能  

Electrochemical performance of silicon nanosheet prepared via magnesiothermic reduction

作　　者：胡敏艺 时梓垿 孙皓 陈敬波 HU Minyi;SHI Zixu;SUN Hao;CHEN Jingbo(Advanced Battery and Materials Engineering Research Centre,Guizhou Light Industry Vocational and Technical School,Guiyang 561113,Guizhou,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州轻工职业技术学院先进电池与材料工程研究中心,贵州贵阳561113 [2]贵州大学化学与化工学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《电池》2025年第1期44-49,共6页Battery Bimonthly

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51764008);贵州轻工职业技术学院自然科学研究项目(23QY02)。

摘　　要：低电导率和嵌脱锂过程中的体积膨胀问题影响Si材料的电化学性能。以碳纳米管为模板,制备前驱体二氧化硅(SiO_(2))纳米管,再以镁粉为还原剂,通过镁热还原制备单质Si纳米片材料。探索镁热还原温度(660℃、700℃和800℃)和正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)用量(1 mL、6 mL和8 mL)对Si材料形貌和电化学性能的影响。镁热还原温度在660℃时,TEOS用量为1 mL时,单质Si纳米片结构完整,表现出较好的电化学性能:以1.0 A/g电流在0~1.5 V充放电,Si-T660材料的首次库仑效率达到86.5%,第100次循环的比容量仍保持在2168.1 mAh/g。TEOS用量为6 mL时,首次库仑效率可达到86.05%,第100次循环的比容量仍保持在1537.5 mAh/g。Low conductivity and huge volume expansion during lithiation/delithiation affect the electrochemical performance of Si material.Silicon dioxide(SiO_(2))nanotubes are prepared as a precursor using carbon nanotubes as templates,then Si nanosheet materials are prepared via magnesiothermic reduction using magnesium powder as reducing agent.The effects of magnesiothermic reduction temperatures(660℃,700℃and 800℃)and the amount of tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS,1 mL,6 mL and 8 mL)on the morphology and electrochemical performance of Si material are explored.The Si nanosheets are structurally intact and exhibit better electrochemical performance when the magnesiothermic reduction temperature is 660℃and the amount of TEOS is 1 mL.When charged-discharged at 1.0 A/g current in 0-1.5 V,the Si-T660 material achieves an initial Coulombic efficiency of 86.5%and maintains a specific capacity of 2168.1 mAh/g after 100 cycles.When the amount of TEOS is 6 mL,it achieves an initial Coulombic efficiency of 86.05%and maintains a specific capacity of 1537.5 mAh/g after 100 cycles.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 负极材料 Si负极 二氧化硅(SiO_(2)) Si纳米片 镁热还原 

分 类 号：TM912.9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TD98[矿业工程—选矿]