《天回医简》载药物“狂楑”、“方葵”与“[艹越]”考  

A Study on the Drugs"Kuangkui","Fangkui"and"Yue"Recorded in Tianhui Medical Slips

作　　者：袁开惠 YUAN Kaihui(Institute of Science,Technology and Humanities,Shanghai University of Taditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学科技人文研究院,上海201203

出　　处：《自然科学史研究》2024年第4期418-426,共9页Studies in The History of Natural Sciences

摘　　要：本文从文理与医理两个方面综合考察,认为《治六十病和齐汤法》载“身有疵伤”方中“狂楑”为蜀葵;“治筋痹方”中“方(房)葵”可改释为“防葵”;《疗马书·马蹇》中的药物“[艹越]”,即越、越椒,为后世文献所言“食茱萸”,所治疾病当为“马水蹇”。本文指出《广雅》中属茱萸类的“(木尻)”可如字读,非王念孙所言“樛,蔓椒也”,并由此探讨“茱萸”得名理据,认为“朱”言果实成熟之色,“臾”为子聚成房貌,言子聚簇而生,似臾篑(圆形竹筐,用以盛土等)、釜庾(圆形瓦器,可作炊煮器、盛器、量器)盛器之圆形。“茱萸”得名与“侏儒之形”并不相关,且无音义关系。Based on a comprehensive investigation of relevant literature and medical theory,this article argues that the materia medica"kuangkui(狂楑)"in the prescription for"body sores"recorded in the manuscript Zhi liushi bing heji tangfa(治六十病和齐汤法,Blending Decoctions to Treat 60 Ailments)is Alcea rosea,and"fangkui(方葵)"in the prescription for"treating bi syndromes of the.tendons"actually refers to Oreo linum.The drug"yrue([艹越])"in the Liaoma shu.Maqian(疗马书·马蹇,Book of Horse Therapy:Horse Lameness)is Zanthoxylum ailanthoides,and the disease treated by zanthoxylum ailanthoides should be the"mashui qian(马水蹇,horse lameness caused by wind pathogen syndrome)".The article frther points out that"kao(祝)",which belongs to the zhuyu(茱萸)category in the Guangya(广雅,Expanded Erya),can be read as it stands,not"manjiao(蔓椒,Manchurian pepper)"as proposed by Wang Niansun(王念孙).The reasoning for the name"zhuyu"is also discussed.It is believed that"zhu(茱)"refers to the ripening color of fruit,and"yu(萸)"refers to the seeds clustered together,just like the shape of a pot.

关 键 词：天回医简 狂楑 方葵 [艹越] 茱萸 

分 类 号：N092[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]