逻辑学在我国近代大学的渗透——以汪奠基《数学史讲义》教材为中心  

The Penetration of Logic in Modern Universities of China——Focusing on Wang Dianji's Textbook on the History of Mathematics

作　　者：王瑞芳[1] 代钦[2] WANG Ruifang;DAI Qin(School of Mathematics and Statistics,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,China;Institute for the History of Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院数学与统计学院,晋中030619 [2]内蒙古师范大学科学技术史研究院,呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《自然科学史研究》2024年第4期463-475,共13页Studies in The History of Natural Sciences

基　　金：内蒙古自治区哲学社会科学规划项目青年项目“徐特立的科学教育思想研究”(2022NDB237)。

摘　　要：著名逻辑学家、教育家汪奠基于20世纪20年代在北京师范大学数学系使用的自编教材《数学史讲义》,是中国近代早期一部注重逻辑学的数学史大学教材。此书未正式出版且未能收入2022年出版的《汪奠基集》。对研究汪奠基早期贡献和数学史教育而言,该讲义是一份罕见史料,实有研究之必要。《数学史讲义》融合多学科,介绍了希腊时期、近代数学前期、近代数学后期及分析数学发明期四个时期的数学发展情况。此书肯定教师及学校教育的育人性,强调数学史的重要作用。它肯定数学有“能度量一种民族教育发展”的重要地位,体现了汪奠基的数学史观和数学史教育观。针对当时国内大学教育中逻辑观念不强、甚至对杰出数学家及哲学家重视不够的现象,汪奠基从教科书的编写、教学法的选择、逻辑与直觉的渗透以及师生理解四个方面提出了改善建议,他的这些经验和思想均为后世的数学史教学提供了参考和借鉴。Wang Dianji汪奠基(1900—1979),a famous logician and educator,used his self-compiled Textbook on the History of Mathematics(Shuxueshi jiangyi数学史讲义)in the Department of Mathematics of Peking Normal University in the 1920s,a textbook on the history of mathematics that focused on logic in the early days of modern Chinese universities.This work was never officially published and was not included in the Collection of Wang Dianji published in 2022.As a rare historical material for assessing Wang Dianji's early contributions to education and research on the history of mathematics,it is worthy of study.It integrates multiple disciplines and introduces the development of mathematics in four periods:Ancient Greece,early modern mathematics,late modern mathematics,and the invention of analytical mathematics.The textbook highlights the educational character of teachers and schools and emphasizes the important role of the history of mathematics.It affirms that mathematics occupies the important position of“being able to measure the development of a nation's education”,and crystallizes Wang Dianji's concept of mathematics history and mathematics history education.Seeing that logic was not strongly promoted in domestic university education at that time,and that even outstanding mathematicians and philosophers received insufficient attention,Wang Dianji put forward suggestions for the improvement of textbooks covering four aspects:their compilation,the choice of teaching methods,the penetration of logic and intuition into textbooks,and the understanding of teachers and students.

关 键 词：汪奠基 《数学史讲义》 中国近代 北京师范大学数学系 

分 类 号：N092[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]