开关型捕收剂强化微细粒浮选的研究进展  

Enhancing Fine Particle Flotation by Switchable Collectors

作　　者：龙秋容 卢斌达 姜峰 张毓芳[2] 温志森 倪梦茜 徐政和 LONG Qiurong;LU Binda;JIANG Feng;ZHANG Yufang;WEN Zhisen;NI Mengqian;XU Zhenghe(Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of Materials,Department of Materials Science and Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China;Zijin Mining Group Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen 364200,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市材料界面科学和工程应用重点实验室,南方科技大学材料科学与工程系,广东深圳518055 [2]紫金矿业集团股份有限公司,福建厦门364200

出　　处：《有色金属(选矿部分)》2025年第2期56-67,共12页Nonferrous Metals(Mineral Processing Section)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21938003,52350710207,51974162);紫金矿业低品位难处理黄金资源综合利用国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(ZJKY2019(B)KFJJ01);深圳市材料界面科学和工程应用重点实验室项目(ZDSYS20200421111401738)。

摘　　要：随着矿产资源的快速开发利用,品位高、易回收矿产资源逐年减少,矿相更为复杂的原生和次生矿产资源的开发利用已成为可持续发展和资源开发的必然趋势。贫细矿产资源的开发必然导致矿石的细磨和超细磨以达到物理分离所需的单体解离度,而细粒高效分离仍是当今浮选技术面临的世界难题。选择性疏水团聚是提高微细粒矿物浮选性能的有效途径。本综述通过研究微细粒浮选的性能,提出采用疏水性团聚的途径解决微细粒浮选难的思路,并提出采用金属离子络合剂三乙烯四胺(TETA)和油酸(OA)通过极性基静电相互作用,组装成伪双子型结构的微细粒氧化铜浮选新型pH响应开关型捕收剂TETA-2OA(T-OA)。该捕收剂通过诱导疏水性团聚来增大微细粒氧化铜矿物表观粒径,降低微细粒氧化铜矿浮选药剂用量,实现微细粒CuO和SiO2的有效分离。本综述总结了悬滴表面张力测定法表征新型开关型捕收剂T-OA性质及T-OA浮选微细粒CuO单矿物的最新结果,最后对新型开关型捕收剂的进一步开发利用提出新的思路。With the rapid development and utilization of mineral resources,high grade and easily processible minerals have been decreasing steadily,which leads to inevitable development and utilization of low grade and more complex primary and secondary mineral resources to support sustainable development.For effective recovery of valuables from these low grade and finely disseminated mineral resources,fine and ultra fine grinding of ores to achieve the desired degree of liberation becomes inevitable,not only causing excess utilization of energy,but also challenging for physical separation.Fine particle flotation remains a worldwide subject of research due to unique characteristics of fine particles,mainly lower inertia,higher specific surface areas and high reactivity of fine particle surfaces.These characteristics lead to poorer recovery and lower grade of valuables in concentrates.Selective hydrophobic aggregation can provide an effective approach to improving the flotation performance of ultra fine particles.This review starts with an in-depth analysis on challenges of fine particle flotation and proposes the idea of hydrophobic aggregation to improve fine particle flotation.It then extends to the summary on the development of a novel pH-responsive(switchable)collector TETA-2OA(T-OA)as an emerging type of collectors for fine particle flotation.T-OA was formed through weak electrostatic attraction between a chelating reagent triethylene tetramine(TETA)and an oleic acid(OA).With two hydrocarbon tails in this pseudo Gemini collector,T-OA exhibits much higher surface activity than its counterpart of oleic acid to induce strong hydrophobic aggregation of CuO fine particles at a much lower dosage.The review outlined some of the latest results in surface tension measurements and flotation separation of fine CuO from SiO2.Finally,some insights in design of emerging switchable collectors for a wide range of applications are provided.

关 键 词：开关型捕收剂 疏水性团聚 微细粒浮选 氧化铜矿 

分 类 号：TD923.13[矿业工程—选矿]