硫化矿捕收剂分子设计及性能评估研究进展  

Molecular Design and Performance Evaluation of Collectors for Sulfide Minerals:A Review

作　　者：张晚佳 冯知韬 徐世红 高志勇[1,2,3] ZHANG Wanjia;FENG Zhitao;XU Shihong;GAO Zhiyong(School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Hunan International Joint Research Center for Efficient and Clean Utilization of Critical Metal Mineral Resources,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Department of Chemistry,University of California-Davis,Davis 95616,California,USA)

机构地区：[1]中南大学矿物加工与生物工程学院,长沙410083 [2]中南大学战略性含钙矿产资源清洁高效利用湖南省重点实验室,长沙410083 [3]中南大学关键金属矿产资源高效清洁利用湖南省国际联合研究中心,长沙410083 [4]美国加州大学戴维斯分校化学系,戴维斯95616

出　　处：《有色金属(选矿部分)》2025年第2期68-86,共19页Nonferrous Metals(Mineral Processing Section)

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项(202302AB080010);国家资助博士后研究人员计划项目(GZB20240863);抚州市“揭榜挂帅”项目(2024JCA02)。

摘　　要：浮选作为矿物分离领域的关键技术,已有一个多世纪的历史,通过使用捕收剂等浮选药剂,帮助人类实现了矿产资源的综合利用。硫化矿物是矿产资源的主要类别之一,典型硫化矿物(如黄铜矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿等)高效捕收剂开发对保障我国金属资源的安全供应具有重要意义。典型硫化矿捕收剂按键合模式可分为单位点、双位点和多位点键合型,其中双位点键合型捕收剂最为常见。本文将已经报道的80余种硫化矿捕收剂按键合模式进行划分,并对其浮选性能进行了总结对比,发现上述捕收剂的性能各有优劣,开发兼顾强捕收能力和高选择性的硫化矿捕收剂仍然是研究难点,浮选性能评估是开发新型捕收剂的关键环节,此外,其环保性与经济性也十分重要。浮选百年历程中,捕收剂开发先后经历了“经验驱动”、“理论驱动”和“数据驱动”阶段,不断推动捕收剂性能评估从定性判断到定量预测发展。在数智化大趋势下,亟需将机器学习为代表的人工智能技术融入浮选药剂开发全流程中,基于能量-空间双匹配原则进行捕收剂分子设计,基于理论-数据共驱动模式进行捕收剂性能评估,以加快浮选药剂的智能研发。As a key technology in the field of mineral separation,flotation has a history of more than a century.Through the use of flotation reagents such as collectors,it has helped humanity to achieve the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources.Sulfide minerals are one of the main categories of mineral resources,and the development of efficient collectors for typical sulfide minerals(such as chalcopyrite,galena,sphalerite)is of great significance in ensuring the safe supply of metal resources in China.Typical collectors for sulfide minerals are categorized into single-site,double-site,and multi-site bonding types based on their bonding modes,with double-site bonding being the most common.Over 80 types of sulfide mineral collectors are listed and classified by their bonding modes,and their flotation performances are summarized and compared.These collectors each possess their own advantages and disadvantages.Developing high-performance collectors for sulfide minerals that offer both strong collecting ability and high selectivity remains a significant challenge in this field.Additionally,flotation performance evaluation is a key step in developing novel collectors and their environmentalimpact and cost-effectiveness are also critically important.Over the past century of flotation,the development of collectors has progressed through experience-driven,theory-driven,and data-driven stages.This progression has continuously advanced the performance evaluation of collectors from qualitative judgment to quantitative prediction and has made the collector development process more scientific and efficient.Under the trend of digitalization and intelligence,it is urgent to integrate artificial intelligence technologies,such as machine learning,into the entire process of flotation reagent development.This integration aims to accelerate the intelligent research and development of flotation reagents.These include the precise molecular design of collectors based on energy-space double matching and the intelligent,data-driven perform

关 键 词：浮选 捕收剂 硫化矿物 分子设计 性能评估 机器学习 

分 类 号：TD952[矿业工程—选矿] TD923